AFI
Name the four sectors of the agri-food chain.
Agriculture/fisheries; food processing/manufacturing; food service/catering; food retail.
Name two causes of food deterioration.
Any two of: environmental factors, enzymatic activity, microbial contamination.
Name the four external factors affecting food product development.
Economic, political, ecological and technological.
Define malnutrition.
Malnutrition is an inadequate, excessive or imbalanced intake of nutrients and/or energy.
What does identify require you to do?
Recognise and name.
Explain value adding.
Increasing the value or desirability of a product through processing, packaging, branding, convenience or other improvements.
Identify two production systems.
Any two of: small scale, large scale, manual, automated, computerised.
What is a line extension?
A new variation added to an existing product range.
Name two diet-related conditions studied.
Any two of: obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, food intolerance, food allergy, dental caries.
What is the difference between describe and explain?
Describe gives characteristics or features; explain shows how or why something occurs.
Why is research and development important to food organisations?
It helps organisations innovate, improve products and processes, respond to consumer demand and remain competitive.
Explain how reducing moisture can preserve food.
Reducing moisture limits microbial growth and slows spoilage, helping food remain safe and stable for longer.
Give two reasons companies develop new food products.
Any two of: consumer demand, health concerns, societal change, technological developments, environmental concerns, profitability or market share.
Explain what a fortified food is.
A food that has nutrients added or increased to improve nutritional value.
What should an analyse response include?
It should identify components and relationships and draw out implications.
Explain ONE way consumer demand could change the operations of a food company.
Answers will vary. Example: demand for healthier foods may cause a company to reformulate products, alter packaging, change promotion and invest in research.
Compare household and industrial food production.
Industrial production operates at a larger scale and uses greater mechanisation, standardisation and specialised equipment than household production.
Explain why market research is undertaken before launching a product.
It helps identify consumer needs, preferences and target markets, reducing risk and guiding design, price, packaging and promotion.
Explain ONE way advertising can influence nutritional status.
Advertising can shape food choices and preferences, increasing or decreasing consumption of certain foods and affecting health outcomes.
Give three things that would improve a 6-mark response.
Possible answers: use subject terminology, include relevant examples, explain cause and effect, structure logically, answer the key words, include depth.
Evaluate ONE potential environmental impact of a large food organisation.
Answers will vary. Students should identify an impact such as packaging waste, energy use or transport emissions, then make a judgement about the significance.
A chilled raw material arrives at 9°C with damaged packaging. Explain why a manufacturer might reject it.
It may not meet quality specifications. The temperature and damaged packaging increase food-safety risk, contamination risk and reduce product reliability.
Rising living costs cause consumers to demand cheaper convenience foods. Analyse how this could influence product development.
Students should link the economic environment to consumer spending, then explain effects on formulation, portion size, pricing, packaging, production methods and promotion.
Discuss whether supplements are necessary for everyone consuming a balanced diet.
Students should note that many people can meet needs through a balanced diet, but some groups may require supplements due to deficiency, life stage or medical advice.
Turn the statement 'Food companies use technology' into an HSC-quality explanation.
A stronger response would explain how technology affects efficiency, quality, safety, consistency, shelf life or consumer appeal, using an example.