Key terminology
What unit measures the energy provided by food?
Kilojules
Name ONE of the three main functions of food in the body.
Growth & development / Energy / Repair & maintenance
Which nutrient provides the body with quick energy?
Carbohydrates
Where does digestion begin?
Mouth
Approximately how much water does the body require each day?
About 2 litres
What is the term for foods changed from their natural state through cooking or processing?
Processed foods
Which nutrient is known as the “building block” of the body?
Protein
Name ONE food source of monounsaturated fats.
Olive oil / avocado / nuts
What happens to carbohydrates during digestion?
Broken down into glucose
What condition occurs when the body loses more fluid than it takes in?
Dehydration
What are proteins in the body that help fight infection and disease called?
Antibodies
What can happen if the body has too much excess energy?
Fat build-up / obesity
What nutrient is found in foods like meat, eggs and tofu?
Protein
What organ absorbs most nutrients?
Small intestine
Which nutrient helps transport vitamins A, D, E and K around the body?
Lipids (fats)
What is a long-term condition that develops slowly and lasts a long time?
Chronic disease
Why are vitamins and water important for repair and maintenance?
They help regulate body processes and keep the body healthy
Which vitamins can build up in the body and become toxic if consumed in large amounts?
Fat-soluble vitamins
Define metabolism.
The processes involved in breaking down food into nutrients and using energy
Why are water-soluble vitamins needed regularly?
They are not stored in the body
What are minerals such as sodium and potassium that help regulate fluid balance and muscle function called?
Electrolytes
Explain why adolescents need more nutrients during growth and development.
Rapid growth, development of bones/muscles/cells
What is the difference between complete and incomplete proteins?
Complete proteins contain all 9 essential amino acids
Give TWO factors that affect metabolism.
Age / gender / activity / genes / body composition
Explain why food is important for maintaining overall health.
Provides energy, growth, repair, protection from disease etc