Bones
This injury occurs when the rate of bone remodeling is exceeded by the rate of repetitive external force
What is a stress fracture?
A bone cell
What is an osteocyte?
The most prevalent stress fractures, termed the "Big Three," occur in the posteromedial distal tibia, the calcaneus, and this group of long bones
What are the metatarsals?
If you've ever gone for a run after a long hiatus, you may have experienced this low grade, tibial stress injury
What are shin splints?
If you're suspicious of a stress fracture, you might suggest your patient have one of these scans done
What is an x-ray?
Bone cells that produce new bone matrix and line the surface of bones
What are osteoblasts?
This type of bone is porous and has a high turnover rate
What is trabecular bone?
87% of metatarsal stress fractures occur at these two metatarsals
What are the second and third metatarsals?
The most common stress fracture, especially in high level athletes and military recruits
What is a posteromedial/posterior tibial stress fracture?
The average length of time in which stress fractures appear on imaging
What is 2-3 weeks?
This type of bone is found in the periphery, especially in the diaphyses of long bones
What is cortical bone?
Poor vascularity can create this level of risk for stress fractures
What is high risk?
A Jones fracture occurs in this zone of the fifth metatarsal
What is zone 2?
Repetitive jumping, rather than running or walking, is most commonly associated with stress fracture on this part of the tibia
What is the anterior tibia?
Matt Calendrillo's Dunkin order
What is dark roast?
Most biomechanical support for long bones comes from this type of bone
What is cortical bone?
These cells breakdown collagen and dissolve hydroxyapatite crystals
What are osteoclasts?
Repetitive heel strike and pull of the Achilles is usually responsible for stress fracture to this bone
What is the calcaneus?
Repetitive eversion of the hind foot creates osseous stress on this lower leg bone, putting it at risk for stress fracture
What is the fibula?
Stress fractures in this bone are tough to see on imaging; though rare, diagnosis can sometimes be delayed up to 6 months
What is the navicular?
In a healthy person, bone will grow and remodel based on the strain placed upon it, as stated by this law
What is Wolff's law?
This specific type of stress fracture occurs in weakened bone as a result of normal activity
What is an insufficiency fracture?
A combination of poor blood supply and impingement between the talus and cuneiforms puts this tarsal bone at high risk for non-union
What is the navicular?
Fracture to this bone is often misdiagnosed as plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinopathy, or hind foot tendinopathy
What is the calcaneus?
Stress fracture of this ankle structure may be predisposed by bony anteromedial ankle impingement
What is the medial malleolus?