Foot/Ankle/Lower Leg Review

Bones of the Foot/Ankle

100

The foot consists of how many bones.

26

200

The first toe (hallux) is made up of how many phalanges?

2

300

The largest & strongest metatarsal.

First metatarsal. 

400

The largest tarsal bone (the attachment site for the Achilles tendon).

Calcaneus

501

Prevents forward slipping of the tibia during locomotion.

Talus bone.

Muscles of the Foot/Ankle

100

Movements of the foot are produced by _______ & _______ muscles of the foot.

Extrinsic

Intrinsic

200

________ muscles originate in the lower leg.

Extrinsic

300

Extrinsic muscle movements include:

Dorsiflexion

Plantar flexion

Inversion

Eversion

400

Two (posterior) extrinsic muscles that produce plantar flexion:

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

501

Intrinsic muscles of the foot originate in the ______ and are responsible for the 4 movements of the _________, which are:

Foot

Phalanges

Flexion

Extension

ABduction 

ADduction

Tendons of the Foot/Ankle

100

______  attach muscle to bone.

Tendons

200

This tendon flexes the foot upward (dorsiflexion).

Anterior tibialis tendon

300

This tendon is vulnerable to injury, due to its limited blood supply and the high tensions placed on it.

Achilles tendon

400

The peroneal longus tendon attaches at which metatarsal bone?

first metatarsal bone

501

The Achilles tendon originates at the ________ and attaches at the _________.

gastrocnemius

calcaneus

Ligaments of the Foot/Ankle

100

_______ attaches bone to bone.

Ligaments

200

The three lateral ligaments of the ankle joint:

Anterior talofibular ligament

Posterior talofibular ligament

Calcaneofibular ligament

300

The deltoid ligament is the primary resistance to foot _______.

eversion

400

The deltoid ligament is comprised of how many ligaments?

4

501

The high ankle ligaments are also called ________ and the ligament that articulates the tibia and fibula is called:

syndesmotic 

anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament.

Miscellaneous

100

One primary function of the bones of the body.

Protect vital organs.

Create movement.

Produce blood cells.

Store minerals.

200

Bones are classified by 4 different shapes.

Long

Short

Flat

Irregular

300

The thickened distal ends of both the tibia & fibula.

Lateral malleolus & medial malleolus.

400

The four bones of the ankle joint.

Distal portion of the tibia (medial malleolus).

Distal portion of the fibula (lateral malleolus). 

Talus.

Calcaneus.

501

A thick white band of fibrous tissue, originating at the calcaneus, that supports the foot against downward forces:

Plantar Fascia