Pulling your hand away from a thorn on a rose bush.
Reflex action
100
What role does the hippocampus play in learning?
Consolidation of declarative information (facts)
100
What is classical conditioning?
Learning through making associations between stimuli and responses
100
As I drive to work i see that the traffic light is red. I stop the car at the lights. Identify the three phases of operant conditioning in this example.
Discriminative stimulus: red traffic lights
Behaviour: stop at the lights
Consequence: avoid a fine or smash and live to get to work
200
What is an example of maturation?
Walking, crawling etc
200
This structure is involved in emotional learning such as the fear associated with a new unpleasant stimulus.
The amygdala
200
What can occur in Classical conditioning if the CS is no longer presented with the UCS?
Extinction
200
Using an example, how does punishment and response cost differ?
Punishment: applying something unpleasant to reduce a behaviour eg. smacking a child for swearing
Response cost: taking away something pleasant to reduce a behaviour eg. telling a child they cannot watch tv as they swore
300
What is a difference between a FAP and Reflex?
-complex and simple
-species specific and across species
300
The term used to describe when new neural pathways are formed.
Synaptogenesis
300
What needs to occur for spontaneous recovery to occur?
An organism is conditioned to have a response to what was a neutral stimulus, then after a period of enxtinction to this stimulus, the CR suddenly comes back when the CS is presented.
300
give an example of each of the partial reinforcement schedules:
FR:
VR:
FI:
VI:
400
What is Maturation?
Innate behaviours that require the development of the body and structures of the nervous system.
400
Name the developmental stages of the nervous system in the correct order.
Who was the experimenter responsible for the first classical conditioning experiments? WHat was his field of expertise?
Ivan Pavlov- physiology (digestive system of dogs)
400
If Mrs Brown the prep teacher wanted to teach her class to be quicker to sit on the floor, be quiet for reading time and to work more effectively, describe a strategy she could use.
shaping
Token economy
reinforcement
500
What is the difference between Learning and a reflex, FAP and Maturation?
Learning involves a lasting change in behaviour that occurs as a result of experience all the other behaviours happen as they are innate (survival mechanisms)
500
What is the difference between a sensitive period and a critical period?
Sensitive: best or optimal times for a developing individual to learn something
Critical: a very narrow period of time in an individual's development in which the animal is pre-programmed for learning to occur.
500
Explain using an example how stimulus discrimination can occur in classical conditioning.
Dogs learn to salivate to bell ring, dog does not salivate to any other stimulus (even those similar to the CS- Bell). SO dog will not salivate when a doorbell is sounded