Energy and Change
the ability to do work
energy
push or pull
force
low of thermal (heat) energy between things that are touching.
conduction
when two and more elements are mixed together
solution
energy of motion
kinetic energy
the overall force(s) acting on an object.
net forces
a material that heat can move through easily like aluminum, steel and other metals.
conductor
(Six Giant Hippos Eat Red & Orange Candy)
scientific method
stored energy in a body or system due to its position
potential energy
a force that attracts (pulls) all objects to the center of the Earth
gravity
he transfer of thermal (heat) energy by the movement of liquids or gases.
convection
an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion until a force acts upon it.
Newton’s 1st Law of Motion
a usually reversible change in the physical properties of a substance, as size or shape: Freezing a liquid is a physical change.
physical change
always causes a change in motion. Is not equal and opposite. Net force is GREATER than zero.
unbalanced
the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. The sun is Earth’s main source of electromagnetic waves.
radiation
the acceleration of an object depends on its mass and the force used to move it F=MA F = force M = mass A = acceleration
Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
a usually irreversible chemical reaction involving the rearrangement of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance: The formation of rust on iron is a chemical change.
chemical change
does not cause a change in motion. Is equal in size and opposite in direction. Net force = ZERO
net forces
a force that opposes (goes against) motion Effects: slowing down or stopping an object, producing heat.
friction
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion