Forces & Fields

Basics

100

The push or pull on an object is this. 

What is a force?

200

The force decreases as you move away from a massive object.

What is Inverse-Square law?

300

Electric currents can create _ and _ can create electric currents.

What are magnetic fields?

400

This upsets a strong nuclear force.

What is an unstable nucleus?

500

The reason nothing ever touches anything else.

The electron clouds around atoms repel each other. The closer they get the stronger they repel.

Fundamental Forces

100

the weakest force with the longest range

gravitational field

200

the force which holds protons together in the nucleus

strong nuclear force

300

the force responsible for beta decay

weak nuclear force

400

the force which holds atoms and molecules together, and which prevents two objects from merging

electromagnetic force

500

the strong force needs to be super strong because...

protons, being positively charged, want to repel each other and the closer they are, the stronger the repulsion; the strong nuclear force must overcome this and hold them together 

Fields

100

Fields are ___________ when the field lines are closer together 

stronger

200

the field caused by a distortion in spacetime

gravitational field

300

a field caused by charged particles, or changing magnetic fields

electric fields

400

the field caused by changing electrical fields

magnetic fields

500

Describe the rules for drawing gravitational, electric and magnetic fields. 

What is gravitational field lines are pointing towards the massive object, electric fields point away from the positive and towards the negative, and magnetic fields point away from the north pole and towards the south pole? Lines never cross. G & E fields are drawn at 90-degree angles.

Nuclear Decay

100

This makes some substances radioactive.

What is nuclear decay?

200

Decay that occurs because of too many protons in the nucleus and one is converted into a neutron and a positron (+ electron).

What is Beta (+) decay?

300

Decay that results in the loss of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. 

What is alpha decay?

400

Decay that results because of too many neutrons in the nucleus so a neutron is converted to a proton, an electron and energy.

What is Beta (-) decay?

500

An example of alpha or beta decay.

Carbon > Beryllium + Helium (alpha)

Carbon > Nitrogen + e- + energy (Beta -)

Carbon > Boron + e+ Neutron (Beta +)

All

100

The attractive and repulsive force between particles due to their electric charge. 

What is electrostatic?

200

The law that states a magnetic field is produced around a current-carrying wire.

What is Ampere's?

300

The shape of a magnetic field around a wire.

What are concentric circles?

400

The results of two unlike charges placed near each other.

What is attraction?

500

The current understanding of how gravity works. 

What is Einstein's General Theory of Relativity which state that objects curve in spacetime and smaller objects get caught up in the curvature creating a gravitational force?