A parallel ridge that forms where blocks of crust move up or down along faults.
What is a fault-block mountain.
100
This landform has low relief and low elevation.
What is a plain.
100
An instrument that measures and records ground motion and can be used to determine the distance seismic waves travel.
What is a seismometer.
100
A large volcano with gentle slopes of basaltic lavas, common along divergent plate boundaries and oceanic hot spots.
What is a shield volcano.
200
The equilibrium between continental crust and the denser mantle below it.
What is isostasy.
200
Continents are continuously changing because Earth’s tectonic plates are always doing what?
What is moving.
200
This is an area of subsidence; region with low elevation.
What is a basin.
200
The location inside Earth where seismic waves originate and rocks first move along a fault and from which seismic waves originate.
What is the focus.
200
A measurement of a liquid’s resistance to flow.
What is viscosity.
300
This changes over time due to plate tectonics and erosion.
What is continental crust.
300
The highest mountains form at this type of plate boundary.
What is a convergent plate boundary.
300
One way continents get bigger is through the addition of these by erupting volcanoes.
What are igneous rocks.
300
The deepest earthquakes occur where these collide along a convergent plate boundary.
What are plates.
300
Not all volcanoes form on or near plate boundaries. Volcanoes in the Hawaiian Island-Emperor Seamount chain form on these.
What are hotspots.
400
The downward vertical motion of Earth’s surface is called what?
What is subsidence.
400
Rocks formed deep inside Earth can be found at the surface as what?
What is uplift.
400
Some regions are high above sea level but are flat. Flat regions with high elevations are called this.
What are plateaus.
400
When a force is applied to a body of rock, depending on the properties of the rock and the force applied, the rock might do this.
What is bend or break.
400
This type of energy below the surface and fluids driven off the subducting plate melt the mantle and form magma. Magma is less dense than the surrounding mantle and rises through cracks in the crust. This forms a volcano.
What is thermal energy.
500
There are three types of stress. Squeezing stress is compression. Stress that pulls something apart is tension. Parallel forces acting in opposite directions are what?
What is shear.
500
Some of the largest mountains on Earth are made by these.
What are volcanic eruptions.
500
The edge of continents normally have higher what?
What are elevations?
500
When rocks move along a fault, they release energy that travels as this on and in Earth called seismic waves.
What are vibrations.
500
On average, about this many different volcanoes erupt each year.