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DNA Characteristics
PCR
CODIS
DNA Markers
DNA Extractions
100
Adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine.
What are are the four nucleotides of DNA?
100
This step of PCR unwinds the DNA double helix.
What is denature?
100
This is what CODIS stands for.
What is Combined DNA Index System?
100
RFLPs stand for this.
What are Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms?
100
This is used to precipitate DNA.
What is alcohol?
200
This is where DNA is stored.
What is the nucleus?
200
This instrument is used for PCR.
What is a thermal cycler?
200
The number of STR loci utilized by CODIS.
What is 13?
200
This what restriction enzymes do.
What is cut DNA at specific sites?
200
This step is done to break the cell walls during DNA extraction.
What is lysis?
300
Only __-__% of DNA is in genes.
What is 2 - 3%?
300
PCR stands for this.
What is polymerase chain reaction?
300
The year that CODIS established the core 13 STR loci.
What is 1997?
300
This is what STRs stands for.
What is Short Tandem Repeats?
300
This step of the DNA extraction uses detergent to dissolve cell membranes.
What is lipid removal?
400
Long strands of DNA are wrapped into this structure.
What are chromosomes?
400
The is what PCR does.
What is amplification?
400
This is what CODIS keeps.
What is a national database of DNA profiles?
400
Forensic markers must have a ____ mutation rate.
What is low?
400
This is used to remove proteins.
What is proteinase?
500
Non-coding DNA makes up this % of the genome.
What is 30%?
500
This is the PCR stage at which a low temperature is used to attach primers to the template strands.
What is the annealing stage?
500
The amount of DNA needed for kits to genotype all 13 CODIS markers.
What is 1 nanogram?
500
Forensic markers must have ____ amount of variation.
What is high?
500
Why DNA extractions are such a delicate process.
What is contamination?