Tree Anatomy
What are the three main parts of a tree?
crown, trunk, and roots
What is the broad, flat part of a leaf called?
Blade
What does a serrated leaf margin have?
Small teeth along the edge.
Which harvesting method removes most or all trees from an area at one time?
Clear Cutting
What is an example of a hardwood tree?
Oak, Maple, Cherry, Walnut, Ash, Hickory, Birch, Beech
What is one main function of bark?
to protect the tree
What part connects the leaf to the stem?
What does a smooth or entire leaf margin have?
No teeth along the edge
Which harvesting method leaves mature trees standing to provide seeds for new growth?
Seed-tree
What is an angiosperm?
a flowering plant. Seeds are protected.
What part of the tree produces new growth?
cambium
What is the main vein running through the center of a leaf called?
Midrib
What does a lobed leaf margin have?
large indentations that create lobes
Which harvesting method removes trees in stages while leaving some trees for seed and shelter?
Shelterwood
What type of plant is generally classified as a softwood?
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm
gymnosperm (cone bearing plants - pines, cedars, spruce, fir)
What does sapwood transport?
water and minerals
What is one job of the veins in a leaf?
They transport water and nutrients through the leaf.
What does alternate leaves mean?
Branches grow one at a time along the stem. (zig-zag pattern)
Which harvesting method removes individual trees or small groups of trees?
Selection
A leaf has large lobes and small teeth along the edges. How would you describe its margin?
Lobed and Serrated
What is one function of heartwood?
it provides strength and support to the tree
What makes a leaf compound?
it is divided into leaflets
What does opposite leaves mean?
leaves grow directly opposite from the same node.
A forester wants to remove most of the trees at once and start new growth in the area. Which method would they use?
Selection
What is the center part of a tree trunk called?
Pith
Put these trunk layers in order from the outside toward the center: heartwood, bark, sapwood, cambium.
Bark → cambium → sapwood → heartwood
DOUBLE POINTS
What is a simple leaf?
one leaf off of one petiole
What does whorled leaves mean?
Three or more leaves grow from the same node.
How will soil be negatively affected when clear-cutting happens?
Clear cutting removes the ground cover which keeps the soil in place and where it's at. Without the ground cover, the soil used to regrow trees will erode.
A tree's roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. Which tissue carries them upward through the tree?
Xylem (sapwood)