Form 6 Biology Term 1 Review

Photosynthesis

100

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Oxygen and water

200

My electrons are "excited" when solar energy hits me. Carrier molecules then transfer me to use that 'energy' to create ATP from ADP for the plants. 

WHO AM I?

Chlorophyll

300

What is the balanced chemical equation for Photosynthesis?

6CO₂ + 12H₂O - C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ + 6H₂0

400

True or False:

Light-Dependent and Calvin Cycle are the two phases of Photosynthesis. 

True

Calvin Cycle is also known as Light-independent phase for photosynthesis

500

RANDOM: Explain what we did for our first lab.

Microscopic observation of cells using onion peels and cheek cells. 

DNA

100

What does DNA stand for?

Deoxyribose nucleic acid 

200

Name the building blocks monomer of nucleic acids or nucleotide. (3)

Phosphate

Deoxyribose sugar

Nitrogen Bases

300

Differentiate between structure of DNA and RNA

DNA is double helix of two strands and has thymine nitrogen base.
RNA is a single strand and has uracil base instead of thymine.

400

What's the link between gene and protein? (3)

Gene consists of the instruction for the making or producing of certain protein. Gene allows mRNA to be created for the transcription process to occur. 

500

Explain the whole process of protein synthesis. Describe role of gene, RNA Polymerase, mRNA, tRNA, amino acid, ribosome etc. 

Transcription - gene, RNA Polymerase, free bases create mRNA

Translation - ribosome, tRNA, amino acid, polypeptide chain or protein

Cell Structure

100

I have a phospholipid bilayer structure and act as a boundary or gate for the cell. WHO AM I?

Cell Membrane

200

They call me the "powerhouse" of the cell.
WHO AM I?

Mitochondria

300

Describe function of ‘centrioles’ in animal cell. (2)

Not found in plant cell. Made of microtubules and they extend to form spindles during cell division to help move chromosomes apart. 

400

Describe the function of DNA found in the nucleus of a cell.

Contains genes of instructions for cell division, protein synthesis and many other processes for the cell and for the organism. Acts as the instruction manual for the cell. 

500

What are the differences between animal and plant cell?

Animal cell = centrioles, round, small vacuoles for storage

Plant cell = cell wall, large vacuole for water storage, chloroplasts

Enzyme

100

Define enzyme

A biological catalyst that increases chemical reactions in cells. 

200

What do we call the molecule that fits into the active site of an enzyme for a breakdown or bonding?

Substrate

300

What does denature of enzymes mean?

The enzymes no longer work. They can no longer catalyze the reaction.

400

Define enzyme specificity?

Specific enzymes are designed for specific molecules and certain chemical reactions in cells. If those molecules aren't specific to the enzyme, they will not fit into the active site of the enzyme.

500

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

The warmer the temperature (40-45 degrees), the faster enzymes catalyse a reaction. Increasing temperature increases speed at which reacting particles move. 

Above 45 degrees, enzymes denature.

Mitosis/Respiration

100

What are the phases of the whole cell growth cycle including Mitosis?

Interphase - G1, S, G2

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Cytokinesis

200

Define cellular respiration

Process in which the cell breaks downglucose to produce ATP – adenosine triphosphate; with heat energy as a by-product.

300

What are the products of aerobic respiration?

carbon dioxide, water, ATP, heat

400

Differentiate mitosis and meiosis.

Mitosis produces two daughter cells with identical genetic material. 

Meiosis produces four daughter cells with half of the parent's genetic material. 

500

Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic = requires oxygen to break down glucose

Anaerobic = does not require oxygen, can produce ethanol when breaking down yeast and bacteria