Physical Science
Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
a) Burning wood
b) Rusting metal
c) Melting ice
d) Baking a cake
Melting ice
Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in a cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Ribosome
d) Chloroplast
Mitochondria
How do convection currents in the Earth's mantle affect plate movement?
Convection currents in the Earth's mantle cause the lithospheric plates to move. The heated material rises, cools, and sinks, driving the movement of tectonic plates on the Earth's surface.
What is the independent variable in an experiment?
The independent variable is the factor that is deliberately changed or manipulated in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
What are Reactants in a chemical reaction?
The ingredients or the elements you are combining in the reaction
Newton’s Third Law of Motion states that "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction" Provide an example in real life.
Example: When you jump off a boat onto a dock, you push down and backward on the boat with your feet (action). In response, the boat moves backward, and you move forward onto the dock (reaction).
How do sexual and asexual reproduction differ? Give an example of an organism that reproduces in each way.
Sexual reproduction requires two parents, where sperm and egg cells combine to create genetically unique offspring. This increases genetic variation, which helps species adapt to changing environments.
Example: Humans reproduce sexually.
Asexual reproduction involves only one parent, producing offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. This allows for rapid reproduction but limits genetic diversity.
Example: Bacteria reproduce asexually through binary fission.
What is the main difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources? Provide an example of each.
Renewable resources can be replenished naturally over a short period (e.g., solar energy), while nonrenewable resources are finite and take millions of years to form (e.g., coal).
Why is it important to have a control group in an experiment?
A control group provides a baseline for comparison, allowing the experimenter to see the effect of the independent variable by comparing results to a group that doesn’t experience the manipulation.
What are the Products in a chemical reaction?
Products are the compounds that are made
How does increasing the temperature of a substance affect the motion of its particles?
The particles speed up and move around more
What is the function of DNA in living organisms?
To hold Genetic Information, help the cell replicate itself
How does the greenhouse effect impact Earth’s climate?
The greenhouse effect occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat, keeping the planet warmer. Increased greenhouse gases can lead to global warming and climate change.
A scientist observes that a plant grows taller when given more sunlight. What is a possible hypothesis they could test?
A possible hypothesis could be: "If a plant is given more sunlight, then it will grow taller compared to a plant with less sunlight."
Mass can not be created or ___________
Destroyed
What is the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy? Give an example of each.
Potential Energy is stored energy due to an object’s position or state.
Kinetic Energy is energy of motion, which an object has when it is moving.
Examples:
Potential Energy: A stretched rubber band has stored elastic potential energy.
Kinetic Energy: When you release the rubber band, it moves through the air, converting potential energy into kinetic energy.
In a food web, what role do decomposers play? Why are they important?
In a food web, decomposers play the crucial role of breaking down dead organisms and organic waste into simpler substances like nutrients, which are then returned to the soil and ecosystem.
Earths Magnetic Field Protects the Earth from what?
Solar Winds & Radiation
What are 4 signs a chemical reaction took place?
Change in odor
Bubbles
New Gas produced
Change in color
"A soccer player kicks a ball with a force of 50 N, causing it to accelerate. If the same force is applied to a heavier ball, how will its acceleration compare to that of the lighter ball?"
The heavier ball will accelerate more slowly than the lighter ball when kicked with the same force.
What is a key difference between Plant Cells & Animal Cells
Chloroplast and the ability for plants to make their own food