Fossils
Relative Age
Absolute Age
Cosmos: Age of the Earth
Misc
Final Jeopardy: Unconformities
100
Which forms first: a mold, or a cast?
Mold
100
Superposition says: in ______________ rock layers, the layers on the bottom are the oldest
undisturbed
100
What is a half life?
The amount of TIME it takes for half of a remaining parent isotopes to turn into daughter isotopes.
100
What element was messing with Clare Patterson's data while he was determining the age of the Earth?
Lead
100
Saying "I am older than my sister" is an example of what kind of dating?
Relative-Age Dating
100
What kind of unconformity involves younger sedimentary rock on older sedimentary rock, where the layers are NOT tilted or folded?
Disconformity
200
True or False: Carbon films are formed when a thin film of carbon is left, forming an outline of the original organism.
True
200
Describe what an inclusion is.
A piece of an older rock becomes part of a newer rock. The older rock is the inclusion.
200
What are the three parts of an atom? (What are the three components that make up an atom?)
Protons, Neutrons, and electrons
200
According to Clare Patterson's work, what is the age of the Earth? (will accept within 100 MY wrong in either direction)
4.5 Billion Years old (4.4-4.6 acceptable)
200
Insects preserved in amber are what kind of fossil?
Preserved remains
300
Footprints and nests are examples of what type of fossil?
Trace Fossils
300
What are the three main characteristics of a good index fossil?
1. Existed on Earth for a short length of time.
2. Were abundant
3. Inhabited many locations
300
Name a Parent/Daughter isotope combination
AWV
Carbon-14 and Nitrogen-14
Uranium-238 and Lead-206
300
Between which two planets do we find the leftovers from when Earth was built?
Mars and Jupiter
300
Nonconformities form when younger (1)_______________ rock layers are deposited on top of older (2)____________________ OR (3)________________ rock layers.
1. Sedimentary
2. Igneous
3. Metamorphic
300
What kind of unconformity is shown here?
Angular Unconformity
400
Name one condition that aids in fossil formation
Could include: hard body parts (shells, bones), rapid burial
400
Lateral Continuity
400
Explain why we igneous rocks are better to Radioactively date than Sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rocks have pieces of many rocks in them, and therefore many ages present in one rock, Igenous rocks are formed all at once, and therefore are the same age throughout.
400
Where was all the contamination coming from that was affecting Clare Patterson's work? (NOT the element, but what was the element in that was getting everywhere?)
Gasoline
400
about 450 million years ago, a majority of Oregon was in which of the following scenarios?
A. above water
B. Below water, in a shallow ocean
C. Below water, in a deeper ocean
C. Below water, in a deeper ocean (pg 332)
500
A scientist has the hypothesis "the ocean basins were created by a massive asteroid". What idea is this hypothesis consistent with?
Catastrophism
500
Matching rock layers and index fossils help with what concept that helps us date rocks? (vocab in your reading)
Correlation
500
Why can we not use C-14 for something that has been dead for over 60,000 years?
Not enough C-14 is left to make meaningful calculations.
500
Why was the contamination messing with the work of determining the age of the Earth so much?
Because the daughter isotope of Uranium is lead, so the contamination was messing with the ability to properly measure how much lead there was in the rock specifically, and therefore the age of the rock.
500
How many half lives have passed if you have 6.25% left of an parent isotope?
4