Stress
A patient is in the ER and has learned that he must go directly into surgery for an aortic aneurism resection. When the transporter arrives, an elevation in blood pressure and heart rate is noted on the continuous monitor. Which stage of GAS is the patient experiencing?
A: Alarm
In the Alarm stage body functions such as heart rate and blood pressure elevate in response to stressors
This is the expected range for a SPO2 reading
95%-100%
this stage occurs about 90 minutes after falling asleep and recurs about every 90 minutes and vivid dreams occur during this stage
REM
Women and older adults are more prone to this, the most common sleep disorder
insomnia
Potassium normal range
3.5-5 mEq/L
A 54 year old woman is the primary caregiver to her 3 year old granddaughter. She has two of her own children (ages 14 and 16) living in the home. Her mother recently passed away and she has now assumed care of her father who suffers from dementia. She also works part time at a local cafe. She reports fatigue, excessive worry, and anxiety. Which of the following describes the client's role problem?
a. role conflict
b. role overload
c. role ambiguity
d. impaired role coping
b. role overload - when too many roles are assigned to one individual they become overwhelmed.
This high flow oxygen delivery device can delivery very precise oxygen concentration with FIO2 of up to 50% and up to 12L/min.
Venturi mask
During this stage, vitals and metabolism decreases, muscle relaxation occurs, and the person is easily aroused/awakened
NREM1
This disorder occurs when a person has five or more disruptions per hour to breathing while sleeping
sleep apnea
Sodium normal range
136-145 mEq/L
A 42 year old man who supports his family by working full time as a landscaper. He also coaches his son's soccer team. He recently fell from a ladder and suffered an irreversible spinal cord injury which resulted in him becoming wheelchair bound. The nurse anticipates which situational role problem.
a. role conflict
b. role overload
c. role ambiguity
d. role strain
a. role conflict. Because landscaping and coaching are physical endeavors, he will no longer be able to perform these as he did before the accident. His role as wage earner and coach will be disrupted.
This low-flow oxygen delivery device has a minimum flow rate of 6L/min. It can deliver FIO2 of 35%-50% and up to 12L/minute.
Simple face mask
This stage is associated with psychological rest and restoration and reduced sympathetic activity. It is difficult to awaken a person in this stage
NREM 3
this disorder involves excessive daytime sleepiness that lasts for at least 3 months
hypersomnolence
Serum creatinine normal range
0.5-1.2 mg/dl
(females: 0.5-1.1, males 0.6-1.2)
This type of role problem is defined as: frustration and anxiety that occurs when a person feels inadequate for assuming a role. (such as a family member with little experience assuming care for a parent with advanced Alzheimer's Disease)
Role strain (ati p. 185)
This is a complication of receiving oxygen at greater than 50% concentration for more than 1-2 days. It may present with symptoms including nonproductive cough, nausea, vomiting, nausea, fatigue, dyspnea, substernal pain, restlessness and pins and needles sensations
Oxygen toxicity
This stage lasts about 20 minutes and is associated with cognitive restoration
REM
the hallmark characteristic of this disorder is uncontrollable sleep attacks
narcolepsy
BUN normal range
10-20mg/dl
This is defined as: Expectations of others and society regarding how one should behave when sick
Sick role (ati p. 185)
Delivering less than 6L/min using a simple face mask is contraindicated for this reason
Flow rates less than 6L/min can result in rebreathing of CO2
this stage begins a few minutes after falling asleep, lasts about 10-20 minutes and requires moderate stimulation to awaken
NREM2
The two categories of sleep apnea, the first is a dysfunction of the respiratory control center in the brain. The second is related to occlusion of the airway by physical structures in the mouth and throat.
Central sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea.
(A person with sleep apnea may have one or both types)
Normal range for pH in ABGs
7.35-7.45