MICROORGANISM
What is a microorganism?
any organism of microscopic size
Everything you can touch and everything you can see is matter EXCEPT ______.
light and electricity
You are an instructor of beauty and wellness courses at a local vocational school. Ursula, a student of yours, asks you why it is so important that beauty professionals have a thorough understanding of electricity. What do you tell her?
Without an understanding of basic electricity, she will not be able to use professional electrical appliances effectively and safely.
Indirect transmission of a disease ______.
happens through contact with an intermediate object
How many elements are known to science today?
118
How does energy move through space?
in waves
Gustavo only uses the highest level of infection control on his tools and implements. Which of the following does Gustavo do?
Gustavo sterilizes his tools.
What accompanies the rapid oxidation of a substance during combustion?
the production of heat and light
The presence of pus is a sign of ______.
bacterial infection
Olga just noticed that the electrical cord on her electrical device is worn and even cracking. Because she is a responsible beauty professional, Olga immediately ______.
replaces the device
Wilma works at a federal agency that registers all types of disinfectants sold by manufacturers and used by salons, spas, and barbershops nationwide. For which of the following federal agencies does Wilma work?
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
When handling disinfectants, NEVER ______.
place them in unmarked containers
An SDS is formatted into ______ categories.
16
Jamison, a beauty pro, knows that proper hand washing helps greatly to prevent the spread of germs. How does Jamison wash his hands?
he rubs his hands together aggressively, creating friction
How many accepted pictograms are included in all SDS?
9
How often should one change gloves?
after every single use
Which of the following measures the resistance of electrical current?
an ohm
The overexposure principle is used to describe how overexposure determines ______.
toxicity
Which of the following is TRUE of sterilization?
It destroys all microbial life including spores.
______ are the basic units of matter.
Atoms
Rafael is midway through a service when he notices that his client Jasmine has a small, fresh cut. After stopping the service, what is the very next thing Rafael should do?
Inform Jasmine of what has happened.
While working on a customer, Cindy accidentally dropped her electrical device into a sink full of water. Which of the following should Cindy do?
Cindy should quickly unplug the device from the outlet.
Which of the following is mainly used to remove visible dirt?
cleaning
Beauty professionals are permitted and encouraged to ______.
refer clients with infections and abnormal conditions to physicians
Darren has just opened his high-end business. When his first customer enters his establishment and asks if Darren’s retail products are chemical free, what should his response be?
“No,” because there is no such thing as a chemical-free product.
Most bacteria are ______.
nonpathogenic
Jennifer is using a new soothing oil on her clients during services. The problem Jennifer is running into, however, is that when the mixture is left to sit for more than five minutes, its components separate. Which of the following could Jennifer add to her mixture to solve this problem?
an emulsifier
When it comes to the spread of infectious disease, beauty professionals must be prepared to deal with all EXCEPT which type of potentially harmful organisms?
gases
All acids owe their chemical reactivity to ______.
the hydrogen ion
When mixing chemicals, one should ______.
use a measuring device, such as a measuring cup or spoon
When looking at two disinfectants, Jeremy noticed that one had a much higher efficacy than the other. Because of this information on the labels, Jeremy knows that the disinfectant with the higher efficacy claim will ______.
kill many more organisms
The CDC publishes ______, guidelines that employees and employers agree to with the assumption that any human blood or body fluids are potentially infectious.
Standard Precautions
Prevention of the spread of infections begins and ends with __
you
Thomas, owner of a local beauty business, insists that there is an SDS available for every chemical used. Why is Thomas so strict about this?
Because it is a requirement of OSHA.
Abner is opening a beauty business. He knows that his course in chemistry will help him to run a better business because ______.
every product he uses in his establishment will contain some type of chemical
Which of the following types of energy is most likely associated with nuclear power plants?
gamma rays
Jasmine's manager has requested that Jasmine mix a solution that will destroy mold. Which of the following will be MOST effective in doing so?
a fungicidal
It is the end of the workday, and Juanita is about to begin disinfecting all of the implements she has used throughout the day. Just before she submerges the implements in a disinfectant, however, her boss stops her. Assuming her boss is RIGHT, why can’t Juanita disinfect her implements?
Juanita had not cleaned any of the implements she was about to disinfect.
Jonathan, a licensed professional with his own business, is driving to the store to buy two dozen large bags of ice. Much of the rehabilitative work he and his employees do for clients relies on ice, and because someone left the freezer door open all night, their entire stockpile of ice is now water. Which of the following happened to the ice when it melted?
a physical change
Franco is a product chemist, combining chemicals in order to create solutions, suspensions, and emulsions for the purposes of making clients feel, look, and smell better. Most recently, Franco has been working on lotions and creams that, when mixed with activators, warm the bottles in which they are contained. Upon what is Franco relying to create these lotions?
exothermic reactions
Which of the following BEST describes a carcinogen?
a substance that causes cancer
Daria’s boss has instructed her to create a variety of products and mixtures. The one thing her boss insisted upon was that each have a measurable pH. Which of the following must Daria include in all of her mixtures and products?
water
OSHA defines PPE as ______.
specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard
If you were to leave the freezer open all night, all of the ice will melt. This is a result of ______.
an endothermic reaction
Which of the following is TRUE of products that are incompatible?
No two should be stored next to each other.
Light therapy is also known as ______.
phototherapy
Why is grounding important?
Because it protects against electrical shock.
SDS are designed for:
use in an emergency
How long does it usually take for quat solutions to disinfect implements?
10 minutes
Which of the following is TRUE of a disease that spreads from one person to another?
It is communicable.
What does a watt measure?
how much electric energy is being used in one second
Which of the following is TRUE of infrared light?
It produces heat.
If there is no time specified or recommended by the manufacturer of the disinfectant, for how long must a tool be left fully submersed in the disinfectant?
10 minutes
Javier devotes every Sunday to infection control. He spends the morning on the first step and the afternoon on the second step. It is now 3:00 p.m. What is Javier doing?
disinfecting
What did the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) replace?
the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
There can be no bacterial infection without the presence of what?
pathogenic bacteria
Which of the following is an example of a conductor?
tap water
What is TRUE of a wire that is not large enough to carry the electrical current passing through it?
It will overheat.
For which of the following purposes would acids most likely be used?
to exfoliate the skin
Of all the elements known to science today, how many occur naturally on Earth?
98
What should you NEVER do with a tool or implement?
Put it in your pocket.
Before applying warm or hot water to a client's hair or skin, always test the water temperature on ______.
the inside of your wrist
A ______ is capable of igniting and burning.
combustible
Klaus has noticed that, throughout the establishment, there are ground fault interrupters (GFIs) in the walls beside all sinks and in the bathrooms and the employee kitchen. Why are these types of receptacles strategically placed in these locations?
GFIs are required in places where shock hazard are likely (such as near any running or sitting water).
Pathogenic bacteria ______.
cause disease or infection
Juan goes to the doctor and is diagnosed with pediculosis capitis. Which of the following MOST LIKELY caused this?
head lice from a client, close associate or relative