Anesthesia Machine
This system of the anesthesia machine includes the flowmeters, vaporizers, and the common gas outlet.
Which Mapleson circuit is best for spontaneous ventilation?
Mapleson A- APL is located on patient side
How many laryngeal cartilages are present. List them.
9 total- 3 paired and 3- unpaired
3 paired: arytenoids, corniculates, and cuneiform
3 unpaired: thyroid, cricoid, and eppiglottis
What does MOANS stand for?
Mask seal, Obesity (BMI >30), Age (>55), No teeth, Sleep apnea/Sniff neck- predicts difficult bag mask ventilation.
Is it easier to recognize a leak in the bellows with ascending or descending?
Ascending bellows.
Hanging/descending bellows may fill with RA and continue its up and down movement even when completely disconnected.
Oxygen flowmeter should be positioned where?
Closest to the manifold outlet (on the far right)
Mapleson D circuit is best for what type of breathing?
Controlled breathing
what is the only intrinsic muscle supplied by the external branch of the SLN
Cricothyroid muscle
What does LEMON stand for and why is it used?
Look for defects, Evaluate 3-3-2 rule, Mallampati, Obstruction/Obesity, Neck ROM
How much PEEP is created within the breathing circuit with standing bellows?
2-3 cm H2O
This safety system prevents you from connecting the wrong gas cylinder to the anesthesia machine.
Pin Index Safety System
valveless
Which nerves need to be blocked prior to instrumentation of the airway on an AWAKE patient
trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, and vagus
(CN 5, 9, 10)
What is the 3-3-2 rule?
Mouth opening (3 finger breadths), thyromental distance (3 finger breadths), mandibulohyoid distance (2 finger breadths or less)
Which ventilator mode can only be used when the patient is spontaneously breathing?
PSV
What is the difference between exhaustion and desiccation of the CO2 absorbent?
Exhaustion: pH becomes less alkaline and absorbent has changed color
Desiccation: absorbent is devoid of water
What test is performed to help identify a leak of the Bain system?
Pethick test
What type of tissue lines the trachea?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What is true RSI?
Applies cricoid prior to induction, skips BMV and goes directly to intubation
What measures static compliance?
Plateau pressure
When oxygen pipeline pressure falls below what psi, a threshold alarm will sound
28-30psi
Where is the APL and FGF located on the Mapleson B circuit?
Both on the patient side- worst for spontaneous breathing with waste of FGF
V3- mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.
How would you describe a grade 3 view?
Epiglottis is visible without glottic opening
What is the IBW calculation?
Women: height (cm)-105
Men: height (cm) - 100