Founding Documents
Enlightenment Thinkers and Federalists
Articles of Confederation and Convention
The Constitution & Principles
Federalism & SCOTUS
100

Which document was the moral and legal justification for leaving Great Britain?

Declaration of Independence

100

Who believed in natural rights—life, liberty, and property?

John Locke

100

Under the Articles, which level of government had more power—states or national?

States

100

This term describes a government in which citizens elect representatives to make decisions for them.

Republic / representative democracy

100

Division of power between national and state governments

What is federalism?

200

Which document, written by James Madison, discussed Separation of Powers and Checks and balances?

Federalist 51

200

The Anti-Federalists were most concerned with what issue?

The power of the central government

200

What was the conflict that led to the 3/5 Compromise?

how slaves would count for representation

200

The Constitution's system of checks and balances was designed primarily to prevent this.

abuse of power

200

Which level of government can establish schools?

State government

300

In Fed 51, James Madison declares which branch the most powerful? What does he plan to do about it?

Legislative; Bicameral Legislature 

300

What did the Anti-Federalists want?

A bill of rights

300

What event showed the Articles were too weak to keep order?

Shays’ Rebellion

300

What principle means government gets its power from the people?

Popular Sovereignty

300

Give one power that is shared by both the national and state governments? What are shared powers called?

Collecting taxes; concurrent

400

What is James Madison's solution to factions in Fed 10?

a large republic

400

The Declaration of Independence was most influenced by which Enlightenment thinker?

John Locke

400

The Great Compromise resolved a disagreement over this issue at the Constitutional Convention.

Representation in Congress

400
What is the most democratic institution of government that represents the framers commitment to a limited Republic?

House of Representatives

400

What was the effect of the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland?

expansion of federal power (implied powers)

500

With which two clauses of the Constitution is Brutus most concerned?

Necessary and Proper and Supremacy

500

A citizen argues that government is legitimate only because people agree to give it certain powers. Which concept does this describe?

Social Contract

500

Give one weakness of the Articles of Confederation and how the Constitution Fixed it 

multiple answers

500

Give one example of checks and balances.

Each branch can limit the others (e.g., veto, override, judicial review, impeachment).

500

Which clause was central to the holding in U.S. v. Lopez?

Commerce Clause