Prevention
Behavior change on the part of the individual that prevents a disease or disorder from occurring.
The direct and immediate transfer of an agent from a host/reservoir to susceptible host
What is a case?
A person who has been diagnosed with a health-related state or event
What is a carrier?
An infected person or animal that contains, spreads, or harbors an infectious organism
What is a pathogen?
Organism or substance such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, mold or parasites that's capable of producing disease
What is ACTIVE primary prevention?
Behavior change on the part of the individual that prevents a disease or disorder before it happens.
What is INDIRECT transmission?
Disease that results when an agent is transferred or carried by some intermediate item, or organisms, means, or process to a susceptible host
What is a PRIMARY case?
The first disease in the population
What is an ACTIVE carrier?
An individual who has been exposed o and harbors a disease-causing organism (pathogen) and who has done for some time , even though he or she may have recovered from the disease
What is a fomite?
Objects such as clothing, towels, and utensils that can harbor a disease agent and are also capable of transmitting it
What is PASSIVE primary prevention?
Does not require behavior change on the part of the individual to prevent a disease or disorder from occurring
What is Airborne transmission?
Transfer of bacteria or viruses on dust particle or small respiratory droplets that may become aerosolized when individuals sneeze, cough, laugh, or exhale.
What is a SECONDARY case?
A person who becomes infected from contact with the primary case after the disease has been introduced into the population
What is a HEALTHY or PASSIVE carriers?
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen but has not become ill or shown any of the symptoms of the disease
What is a vector?
an invertebrate animal that is capable that is capable of producing disease
What is secondary prevention?
Activities aimed at health screening and early detection to improve the likelihood of cure and reduce the chance of disability or death
What is vector-borne transmission?
Transfer of disease to a human by a vector
What is an INDEX case?
The first disease case brought to the attention of the epidemiologist
What is a CONVALESCENT carrier?
Individual who harbors a pathogen and who, although in the recovery phase of the course of the disease, is still infectious
What is a reservoir?
The habitat in or on which an infectious agent lives, grows, and multiplies and on which it depends for its survival in nature
What is tertiary prevention?
Efforts to limit disability by providing rehabilitation occurred and caused damage
What is vehicle-borne transmission?
Transfer of a disease via a particular vehicle
What is a "Chain of Infection"?
A process linked by an infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of exit, and susceptible host
What is an INCUBATORY carrier?
Am individual who has been exposed to and harbors the pathogen; who is showing symptoms; and has the ability to transmit the disease
What is a Zoonosis?
An infectious organism in vertebrate animals that can be transmitted to humans through direct contact, a fomite, or a vector