Developed the Affective Filter Hypothesis. When the filter is up, acquisition of knowledge may take place.
Who is Krashen?
100
This model phases out the student's native language while teaching the second language.
What is the Transitional Bilingual Model?
100
ELL students must reach a level 5 on this assessment to be released from ELL services.
What is the ELPA?
100
Tells students how or what to do or gives students information to learn and then apply.
What is Direct Instruction?
100
This orientation includes students' primary languages and cultures, involves minority parents in school activities, and views diversity as an asset.
What is an intercultural orientation?
200
His language acquisition model is based on sociolinguistic research. He believes that acquiring a new language is part of the general process of acculturation.
Who is Schumann?
200
This model provides instruction in and develops both the native and second language.
What is a Dual Immersion Program?
200
2 years
What is the amount of time students must be monitored after being released from ELL services?
200
Shows through actions or materials how students should do something.
What is Modeling?
200
He points to language policies as just one of the areas to consider when analyzing how schools respond to second language students.
Who is Cummins?
300
He believes an an input/output model to develop proficiency in a second language.
Who is Van Lier?
300
This model only provides instruction and support in English.
What is English Immersion?
300
Middle school and High school levels
How long does research recommend students be monitored after being released from ELL services?
300
The use of probing questions, graphic organizers, collaborative groups, manipulatives and videos are examples of this.
What is Scaffolding?
300
Excludes students' primary languages and pays little attention to student's cultures, they discourage minority community members from active involvement in schools and teach with traditional methods.
What is an assimilationist orientation?
400
He developed a second language teaching method known as the Curriculum Cycle.
Who is Halliday?
400
This model maintains the student's native language while providing instruction in English.
What is the Maintenance Bilingual Program?
400
Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing
What are the four domains ELL students are monitored in for proficiency and content knowledge?
400
He proposed that the role of the teacher is mediation: working in the learner's zone of proximal development, the teacher provides demonstrations, asks questions, or points out certain aspects of a situation.
Who is Vygotsky?
400
He has described the historical development of three orientations toward language: language as a handicap, language as a right, language as a resource.
What are Ruiz's Three Orientations Toward Language?
500
His second hypothesis states that language is acquired in a natural order. Some aspects of a language are picked up earlier than others.
What is Krashen's Natural Order Hypothesis?
500
ELL students and English speaking students are integrated to receive instruction in both languages.
What is two-way dual language instruction?
500
Denied or delayed access to ELL services can impede academic growth and contribute to a higher risk or dropping out of school.
Why is accurate timing important when releasing students from ELL services?
500
He describes three ways a teacher can mediate learning: through direct instruction, by modeling, or by providing scaffolding.
Who is Cazden?
500
When students add a second language at no cost to the development of their first language.