Show:
People to Know
Theories of Language Learning
Cueing Systems
English Language Learners
Miscellaneous Concepts
100
Swiss psychologist who theorized that humans move through stages of development as we learn through experiencing and acting on our environment.
Who was Jean Piaget?
100
The 7 functions of language.
What are instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, heuristic, imaginative, & representational?
100
Phonology.
What is the sound system of a language?
100
BICS.
What is Basic Interpersonal Conversational Skills, a phrase used by Cummins to describe the everyday language speakers use?
100
The view that language shapes the way we think and how we see the world. Language is a tool of power and can be used to oppress and marginalize or to empower. It is a means for social action and should be taught as such.
What is critical literacy?
200
An American literary theorist who developed a transactional theory of reading, which holds that any text has different meanings for different readers.
Who is Louise Rosenblatt?
200
The optimal conditions for learning which, when present, result in learner engagement.
What are immersion, expectation, demonstration, responsibility, employment, approximation, and response?
200
Syntax.
What is the structure of a language: word order, sentence grammar, and morphemes?
200
Language use that is closely tied to particular situations, objects, actions, and purposes--all of which make it easier to understand.
What is context-embedded language?
200
The term coined by Hymes, which aptly describes the ultimate goal of language arts instruction.
What is communicative competence?
300
Sometimes known as the father of constructivism, this Russian psychologist developed a theory of language as a social construct that shapes the way we think.
Who was Lev Vygotsky?
300
Assimilation, accommodation, schemata, cognitive dissonance, equilibration.
What are the key concepts in Piaget's theory of learning?
300
The system of how meaning is represented in a language.
What is semantics?
300
Cognitively demanding language.
What is language that requires a high degree of background knowledge and precise vocabulary in order for understanding to occur?
300
Awareness of one's own thought processes, learning strategies, and the ability to regulate them.
What is metacognition?
400
Australian educator who developed a model of the desirable conditions for literacy learning.
Who is Brian Cambourne?
400
Zone of proximal development, scaffolding, learning through social interaction.
What are some key ideas from Vygotsky's theory of social constructivism?
400
All the aspect of communication that are not the language itself: social and cultural meanings underlying the words; gestures and facial expression; speaker proximity; tone; etc.
What is pragmatics?
400
CALP.
What is Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency, a phrase used by Cummins to describe the more formal kind of language students are expected to use in school?
400
Techniques learners apply automatically and unconsciously v. methods of solving problems that learners apply intentionally and flexibly.
What is the difference between skills and strategies?
500
British linguist who developed the systematic functional grammar model.
Who is M.A.K. Halliday?
500
The processes known collectively as the language arts.
What are reading, writing, speaking, listening, viewing, and visually representing?
500
The difference between phonemic awareness and phonics.
What is being able to hear and manipulate discreet sounds within words v. instruction in sound/symbol relations?
500
Ways teachers can facilitate language development for ELLs.
What are reduce stress, build background knowledge, use visuals, provide context, employ multiple modes of learning, demonstrate, use collaborative learning, and encourage them to make use of their first language in order to learn English?
500
No Child Left Behind.
What is 2001 legislation emphasizing basic skills, narrow instructional goals, and high-stakes standardized testing?