The variations of a phoneme that do not change the meaning of a word when produced in differing contexts.
What is an allophone?
100
___________ presents language as a natural reflection of the needs, capacities, and world of its users, rather than as a merely conventional institution.
What is natural phonology.
100
/kæ/ for cat
What is Deletion of Final Consonants
100
Factors that my precipitate (bring on), accompany, and/or maintain the presence of phonologic/articulatory disorders
What is a causal factor/ organic base for speech sound disorder?
100
A consonant that begins as a stop and is released as a fricative
What is an affricate?
200
This is what we call a class of speech sounds. It is the smallest unit of speech that can affect meaning.
What is a phoneme.
200
Refers to sounds that are relatively more difficult to produce and are found less frequently in languages.
What is markedness.
200
/dus/ for juice
What is Stopping (the omission of the fricative portion of affricates)
200
Strong contact of the tongue with the teeth during swallowing, as well as inadequate lip closure or incorrect tongue rest posture
What is tongue thrust?
200
A unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word
What is a syllable?
300
What is the purpose of phonetic transcription?
Phonetic transcription provides a reasonably accurate written record of what was said and what it sounded like.
300
The influence of a liquid on a nonliquid sound.
What is liquid assimilation.
300
/it/ for treat
What is Cluster Simplification
300
A motor speech impairment caused by a neurological insult which affects all motor speech processes and results in slow, weak, imprecise speech production.
What is dysarthria?
300
The manner of articulation of the consonant in the word "shush"
What is a fricative?
400
What is a low-front vowel, unrounded, close and tense?
What is /a/.
400
Phonological theories characterized by an assumption that all meaning-distinguishing sound segments are serially arranged.
What are linear phonologies.
400
/kar/ - /tar/
What is Velar Fronting
400
The speech disorder of a child with a history of otitis media with effusion (OME) is said to have a _____________ based articulation disorder?
What is 'functional'
400
Associated with vocal fold vibration, a sound is said to be _______ if the vocal folds vibrate during its production
What is voiced?
500
What is the difference between vowel productions and consonant productions?
What is vowels are produced with an open vocal tract; no significant constriction of the oral cavities exist and the airstream from the vocal folds to the lips is unimpeded (open sounds). Consonants are produced by a significant constriction and the airstream encounters an articulatory obstacle along the way (constricted sounds).
500
A word which is used, and has an actual meaning,but has not been "accepted" as a word by familiar communication partners.
What is a protoword.
500
/frag/ - /frak/
What is Final Consonant Devoicing
500
Preschool-aged children with phonologic disorders are at risk for developing ______________ disorders and other academic difficulties later during school-aged years.
What are reading and spelling disorders, as well as other academic difficulties.