Rhetorical Situation
The event or moment that prompts an author to write or speak about an issue.
Exigence
This appeal uses facts, statistics, and logical reasoning to persuade an audience.
Logos
"Are we really going to stand by and do nothing?" is an example of this type of question.
Rhetorical question
This congresswoman called out a colleague for using a sexist slur against her on the Capitol steps, saying "having a daughter does not make a man decent."
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
The time, place, and social or historical landscape surrounding a text describe this component.
Context
When a doctor in a white coat recommends a product, they are establishing this appeal.
Ethos
A brief, personal story used to illustrate a point or evoke emotion.
Anecdote
"One child, one teacher, one pen and one book can change the world." This activist said this in her UN speech after surviving being shot by the Taliban.
Malala Yousafzai
When analyzing this, you consider the intended readership's shared beliefs, values, and needs.
Audience
An animal shelter shows images of sad, abandoned puppies to persuade viewers to donate. This is an appeal to this.
Pathos
"Her smile was like sunshine" is this device, while "Her smile was sunshine" is this other device.
Simile and metaphor
When Malala says "They thought that the bullets would silence us. But they failed," she is using this rhetorical appeal to show strength and inspire others.
Pathos
This is the author's main idea or argument they are trying to convey, not to be confused with their reason for writing.
Message
TRUE OR FALSE: Writers "use" rhetorical appeals directly in their writing.
FALSE: Writers make rhetorical choices that lead to audiences believing, feeling, or reacting in specific ways
Comparing democracy to a garden that needs constant tending to explain a complex political concept uses this device.
When Vasquez Gilliand describes her grandmother's dove landing in her hand after being called, she is using this type of brief story to illustrate a point.
Anecdote
A civil rights leader writes a speech immediately after a new discriminatory law is passed. The new law would be considered this element of the rhetorical situation.
Exigence
A veteran speaks about the true cost of war before arguing for peace. What two appeals are being established?
Ethos and pathos
What literary device does the following quote feature?
"But man is in a tight place, the poor slave is on him, woman is coming on him, and he is surely between-a hawk and a buzzard."
Metaphor
When Vasquez Gilliland writes "paying attention to what the land has to say is how I honor this legacy," her purpose is to persuade readers to do this.
Connect with nature/listen to the earth/engage with the natural world