Models
Overarching concepts to be used in conjunction with
frames of reference.
What is the definition of a model?
This FoR views the body as a living machine which becomes more capable of engaging in occupation when underlying physical impairments are resolved through rest and stress; the client must have an intact CNS.
What is the biomechanical FoR?
This FoR views clients as parts of a larger cultural/societal context which they are members of; treatment views areas of concern as hierarchical and includes activities that will result in changes of behavior and greater participation in goal family/societal roles and ADLs.
What is role acquisition?
This FoR, which can be helpful for children struggling to learn new skills or cope with their environment, views occupational success as deriving from the sequential development of motor skills, and the match between task requirements, environmental demands, and a child's abilities.
What is motor skills acquisition?
This FoR, which emphasizes the plasticity of the mind, as well as the ongoing interactions between self and perception, may be valuable in treating people recovering from brain injury which impairs memory.
What is cognitive rehabilitation?
A holistic approach which views the person as an open system, able to change itself and the environment via the interaction of meaningful action or occupation with the self.
What is the model of human occupation?
This FoR treats clients with difficulties such as maintaining normal muscle tone or body postural control through the experience of normal movement.
What is neurodevelopmental treatment/NDT?
This FoR views human actions as a measurable, learned thing which may be sculpted through the use of positive and negative reinforcement; this FoR can assist those who need help changing or stopping habits.
What is the behavioral FoR?
Often used in settings treating neurodiverse children, this FoR supports healthy processing of information through the opportunity of fun but challenging sensory activities.
What is sensory integration?
This FoR views cognitive abilities as varying depending on factors, including inormation processing, rather than as fixed abilities.
What is dynamic interactional?
This model views human action as arising from the interplay of volition, habituation, and performance.
What is the human open system/MOHO?
Clients aim for the fullest level of function possible in the context of physical/cognitive impairments through the active use of residual skills and adaptive strategies.
What is the rehabilitation model?
This FoR posits that increased self-awareness leads to better choices surrounding occupations and greater confidence in navigating one's place in the world; it could be beneficial for those with self-confidence issues.
What is psychodynamic?
This FoR places emphasis on the value of healthy development of low-level visual skills in aiding skill acquisition; a client having difficulty with fine-motor activities which require visual focus may benefit.
What is visual perception?
This FoR, which might be used for TBI clients, focuses on the development of new adaptative skills to compensate for those lost and allow the client to set and meet goals for daily function.
What is neurofunctional?
A systems theory with the ability to be applied to a wide variety clients, it focuses on making adaptations to engage in meaningful activity.
What is the occupational adaptation model?
Imbalances in motor control are addressed through the use of sensory cues and patterns to support the (re)learning of motor learning in orderly sequences.
What is the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation/PNF model?
This FoR, which is often used for those facing mental health struggles, places a heavy emphasis on developing coping and self-soothing strategies, as it views that a feeling of security increases success in performing occupations.
What is CBT?
This 4-level incremental FoR is used to help clients struggling with dysfunctional behavior or self-image learn to recognize beneficial and non-beneficial feelings or ways of thinking within themselves.
What is self-awareness enhancement?
A generic client-centered model which incorporates the environment, occupation, and person.
What is COPM?