FRAMING 2

COLUMN 1

100

1. 
   

   • A vertical framing member that forms the skeleton of a wall. Supports sheathing, drywall, and loads from above.

Stud

200

1. A horizontal framing member in a wall. Comes in different types (e.g., sole plate, top plate).

Plate

300

• The bottom horizontal board of a wall frame, resting on the floor.

Sole Plate or Bottom Plate

400

1. 
   

   • The horizontal board at the top of a wall frame that ties the studs together and supports the load above.

1. Top Plate

500

1. 
   

   • A full-height stud that supports a header in a framed opening like a door or window.

King Stud

COLUMN2

100

A shorter stud placed under a header to transfer load to the sole plate.

Jack Stud

200

1. 
   

   • Short framing members filling gaps under openings (e.g., window sills) or above headers.

Cripple

300

1. 
   

   • A horizontal structural member over an opening (e.g., door, window) to transfer the load around the opening.

Header

400

1. 
   

   • The framed opening in a wall where doors, windows, or other fixtures will be installed.

Rough Opening

500

1. Short pieces of wood installed between studs for support, bracing, or to attach other elements.
   
   
   

Blocking

COLUMN3

100

1. The panel material (e.g., plywood or OSB) attached to the outside of a frame, providing structural rigidity and a base for siding

Sheathing

200

• The process of marking where studs, openings, and other elements will be placed on plates or sheathing.

Layout

300

1. 
   

   • A board or strip that provides a surface for attaching finish materials like trim or drywall.

Nailer

400

1. 
   

   • Overlapping boards used for exterior sheathing or decorative wall finishes, creating a tight joint.

Shiplap

500

1. 
   

   • A thin piece of material used to level or align construction elements during installation.

Shim

COLUMN4

100

1. 
   

   • A tool or concept ensuring horizontal alignment.

Level

200

• Refers to vertical alignment; lines are perfectly straight up and down.

Plumb

300

• A 90-degree angle or the tool used to check and ensure right angles during framing.

Square

400

1. 
   

   • A tool used to snap straight lines for reference during construction.

Chalk Line

500

• A horizontal framing member supporting floors or ceilings.

Joist

COLUMN5

100

A heavy horizontal structural element designed to carry significant loads.

1. Beam

200

• The horizontal member at the bottom of a window opening or other structure.

Sill

300

A diagonal framing member that adds stability and strength to the wall.

Brace

400

1. 
   

   • Hardware used to secure components together, such as nails, screws, or bolts.

Fastener

500

1. A shortened framing member placed on the sides of an opening to support the header.

Trimmer