How did the authoritarian states emerge?
What conditions caused Pinochet's authoritarian state to emerge?
-Chilean agricultural land had been expropriated
-Many basic food items became scarce
How was force maintained in Pinochet's regime?
Slowly, one by one, his enemies disappeared.
What were Franco's chief economic policies?
-Increaced and improved land cultivation
-Bought support from land-owning elite
How was Franco removed from power?
Suffered a heart attack on October 15, 1975
What is Authoritarianism?
-Arbitrary governmental authority
-Enforcement of obedience to a central authority at the expense of personal freedoms, rule of law and other constitutional values and principles
What were the economic factors; social divisions; impact of war; weakness of Franco's political system?
The brutal 3-year Spanish Civil War
How was opposition dealt with in Franco's regime?
They were jailed and tried in public.
Who were Pinochet's and Franco's special miliatry?
Pinochet: Junta
Franco: Military officers and Falangists
What was the leading factor in Pinochet's downfall?
Arrested in London, in 1998, on Spanish charges of crimes against humanity
What are two characteristics of an authoritarian ruler?
-Charismatic
-Policies benefit leader
-Little input from advisors
-Goal oriented and has a specific plan to achieve those goals
What methods did Pinochet use to establish power?
Who were considered threats in Pinochet's regime and how were they dealt with?
People who performed or listened to traditional Chilean music were considered a national threat-artists went into exile and had to produce music secretly.
What similarity was there between Franco and Pinochet's policies?
1) Regarded women: wanted them to be mothers and not politically active
2) How the policies were enforced: fear
What impact did the U.S. have in Chile?
Helped a great deal through trade
What makes propaganda effective?
-Appeals to emotion and desires
-Makes broad and positive statements
-Catchy/easy to remember
-Power of suggestion and makes insinuations
What was Franco's ideology
-nationalism, central unity, the Catholic religion, and a program of modern economic development
-political and nationalistic priorities with social reform
How was Franco viewed by other world powers?
An accidental military dictator of a weak country who lacked status or credentials of a major statesman
What were Pinochet's chief economic policies?
-Privatized public companies
-Opened investment to foreign banks and corporations
-Reduced public spending on social programs
-Slashed gov’t spending
Whose policies stayed in effects until long after thier regime was over?
Pinochet
When did Pinochet's rule official end? When did he no longer have any power?
When he was voted out of office. But remained army comander and senator for life. Completely lost power when he was arrested in London. (1974-1998)
How was propaganda used in Franco's regime?
-was portrayed as an all-powerful and far-sighted leader, the personal embodiment of both victory in a Manichaean struggle against dark subversive forces and of the New state that emerged from it
What kind of support did Chile have?
- U.S. at the beginning
-Recieved tacit approval and material support
Who had an obsesive focus on nationalism and Catholicism?
What good came out of Franco's regime?
Helped to develop Spain into the modern, stable, and prosperous state it is now.
Pinochet and Franco were similar in a few ways, name at least 2.
1. Role of women in thier regime
2. Military leadership of thier regime
3. Ruled with fear
4. Held some kind of power until thier death