words that are so insulting that they incite immediate violence
100
What court case determined student SPEECH can be restricted by school rules?
Bethel v. Fraser
100
List three sources of press.
TV, Internet, Magazines, Radio, Newspapers
100
What is "Clear and Present Danger"?
-speech that presents an immediate danger
-When there is a conflict between free expression and public safety, the need to protect the public will often win out
200
Speech that urges resistance to the law or advocating the overthrow of the govt.
What is seditious speech
200
What are the two types of defamatory speech?
Slander and Libel
200
What court case dealt with student newspaper articles being restricted by school policy?
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
200
True or False. The Supreme Court has OUTLAWED prior restraint in ALL cases.
False...outlawed EXCEPT in cases of national security.
200
What is the problem in the Bad Tendency Doctrine with TENDENCY to LEAD to illegal activity?
Broad terminology up for interpretation; Can lead to even stricter regulations on speech
300
What is pure speech and symbolic speech?
Pure Speech: verbal expression, most common form of speech
Symbolic Speech: involves actions, symbols to express opinion
300
What is the difference between libel and slander?
Libel: written
Slander: spoken
300
What court case determined seditious speech to be unconstitutional?
Schenk v. United States
300
Censorship before publication is...
prior restraint
300
What is "Preferred Postion Doctrine"?
-holds that the First Amendment is most important amendment
-As such, laws that limit the 1st Amendment are unconstitutional unless the govt can prove them to be necessary
400
What is an example of symbolic speech?
Answers will vary; Example: burning the flag
400
Student speech is limited to...
each school's policies and rules
400
What court case is also known as the "Pentagon Papers"?
NY Times v. United States
400
In the case NY Times v United States, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of...
The New York Times
400
What is the "Bad Tendency Doctrine"?
Speech restricted if it has a tendency to lead to illegal activity
500
List the three guidelines the government has developed when dealing with free speech.
-Clear and present danger
-Bad Tendency Doctrine
- Preferred Position Doctrine
500
"Clear and Present Danger" was developed as a result of what court case?
Schenk v. United States
500
Summarize NY Times v. United States.
-A.K.A. Pentagon Papers case
-Former Pentagon employee leaked classified documents detailing U.S. involvement in Vietnam War
-Proved that the govt. had been lying to the public
-Gave papers to NY Times for publication
-Govt. tried to censor the publication
-Supreme Court ruled in favor of the newspaper
-Considered it important for the people to be informed about the papers and truth about Vietnam War
500
How has the internet affected freedom of speech/press in today's world?
Answers will vary
500
Summarize the Bethel v. Fraser case and Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier case.
Bethel: student speech; sexual innuendoes; restricted by school rules/policies
Hazelwood: student newspaper; 2 inapproriate articles; restriced by school rules/policies