First Phase
Tithes abolished
Venality abolished Financial and tax privileged abolished All citizens to be taxed equally Special privileges abolished All citizens eligible for office.
12 July 1790 The major church reforms
Clergy were now elected
Clergy paid by the State
Power of the Pope reduced
What was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?
20 April 1792 France declares with _________
What is Austria?
Suspected counter-revolutionaries in Paris prisons were massacred by the sans-culottes
What were the September Massacres? 1792
March 1793 Intense resistance to revolution was mainly in the Vendée region.
Revolts occurred due to conscription and de-Christianisation.
The revolts were virtually defeated through Representatives on mission.
What was the Provincial Revolt?
De-Christianisation movement was deliberate attempt to destroy Christianity within France
What was the Cult and Festival of the Supreme Being?
26th August 1789
The most crucial document of the revolution In it, human rights are defined as “liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression”. It places a strong emphasis on law.
What is the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen?
27 November 1790 essentially spilt the church those who did and those who didn't.
What was the Clerical Oath?
Two reason why people in Assembly wanted war.
What were:
War would unite the nation.
War would flush out counter-revolutionaries
War would destroy both internal and external enemies?
22 Sept. 1792
France becomes a Republic? Beginning of Year 1.
(2 June 1793) The Convention surrounded by80 000 National Guards with canons.
Who were the Girondins
Purge of Girondins deputies from National Convention.
There were this many days in a Jacobin week.
What was 10?
Caused by deep suspicion of the King. King had delayed ratifying August Decrees and DORMAC – the people thought he was planning a move against the revolution.
Rising bread prices - grievancesPeople wanted King to move from Versailles to Paris
What was the October Days or the Women's March to Versailles? (5th-6th OCT 1789 )
20th June 1791
The King lost his popularity and respect.
The republican movement was initiated.
What was the Flight to Varennes? This polarized revolutionaries to either Constitutional Monarchist or Radical Republicans. Second major schism of the unity of 1789.
11 July 1792 La Patrie en Danger
What is homeland in danger?
In response to failing French military efforts (French army was inexperienced, under-equipped) and threat of invasion of Paris by Austrian troops
Declared that all citizens must sacrifice themselves for France’s defence
This mechanism of terror was established in 2 October 1792
Du Comite de Salut Public
Emergency measure to protect Revolutionary Republic from internal enemies. ( police agency) Counter Revolution
April 1793 Two emergency organs ( Mechanisms of Terror) were establish. One of which Robespierre would join in July. The other was open to the public.
What were the Revolutionary Tribunal and The Committee of Public Safety?
Thermidor, Frimaire, Germinal
What were months in the Jacobin Calendar?
The assembly confiscated Church land
What was the nationalisation and sale of church land (Nov 1789)
A crowd of 50 000 gathered to sign a petition against the King.
Mayor Bailly called on Lafayette to restore order.
National Guard fired on the crowd killing up to 50 and injuring many others.
What was the Champ de Mars Massacre 17th July 1791?
This Document
Threatened to invade Paris if Louis XVI was harmed
Demanded Louis’ freedom
What was the Brunswick Manifesto (25th July 1792)
The Convention voted for , 387 to 334 against .
What was the execution of Louis XVI? 21st January 1793.
June 1793 Lyon, Bordeaux, Toulon and Marseille rose up against what they perceived to be a centralised governing power (CPS and CGS) in Paris.
104 Guillotined in Bordeaux
1083 killed in Toulon
Representatives on Mission.
What was the FEDERALIST REVOLT?
“Robespierre simply can’t f–k and money scares the hide off him.”
Who was Danton?
March 1790 Le Chaperier Law
What was the law banning workers’ association. (Equivalent of early Trade Unions.)
The First Constitution
What was 14th Sept 179I?
Outraged by the Brunswick Manifesto, the royal palace was violently attacked and 5000 Switz Guards annihilated.
What was the Storming of Tuileries Palace? 10th August 1792.
February 1793 can be remembered by using the acronym SHAPES.
What was the grand coalition France is at war with
Spain, Holland, Austria, Prussia, England and Sardinia
Sept 1793 these two laws were establish one to control food riots in Paris and the other meant human and legal rights outline in the Declaration of 1789 were removed.
What were the Law of Suspects and the Law of General Maximum
“Terror is only justice: prompt, severe and inflexible. It is then an emanation of virtue.”
Who was Robespierre?