Terms to Remember
A territory of land that is controlled by another country is called...
Colony
He set sail in 1534, searching for new passage to Asia, but ended up reaching the shores of Newfoundland.
Jacques Cartier
In the 1500s, French explorers set out to find new lands to claim as their own. What did they name the territory they claimed in eastern Canada?
New France
Fish
Many of Champlain’s crew got sick and died because of this awful disease.
Scurvy
This term describes a system that countries use to extend their control, power, and influence over other nations.
Imperialism
Brought over from France to grow the population in the new territory, these women played a significant role in colonization.
Europeans spent weeks, sometimes months, crossing this ocean to reach the shores of what we now call Canada.
Atlantic
This is the religion of most of the French colonists.
Catholic
This Haudenosaunee Chief had two sons who were captured by Jacques Cartier and brought to France as “evidence”.
Donnacona
The king of France granted a trade __________ to a group of merchants. This meant the merchants were the only ones allowed to trade furs in the area.
Monopoly
These two fur-trapping adventurers learned to speak Indigenous languages, facilitating cultural exchange between groups.
Radisson and des Groseiellers
This river was a crucial trade route for Europeans and Indigenous people alike.
St Lawrence River
This person was the leader of the church in New France.
Bishop
Coureurs de bois lived with Indigenous people, learning valuable skills that helped them to survive in nature.
Some learned how to build ______________ canoes.
A single, powerful imperial country that controls networks of colonies is called...
Empire
This Nobleman was granted a monopoly and sailed with Champlain to North America.
Samuel de Champlain and his crew established a settlement near to Stadacona. They called it _____________.
Québec
Missionaries came to New France to try and ______________ Indigenous people to their religion.
convert
This Indigenous group was fishing near so-called Gaspé when French crew arrived on a sailboat.
Haudenosaunee
In this system, the king gave sections of land along the river to nobles. The nobles had to ensure that a church was built and farmers planted crops on it.
Seigneurial
This frenchman made an alliance with the Wendat, and agreed to fight with them against the Haudenosaunee.
This fuelled a conflict that would last 100 years.
Samuel de Champlain
In 1605, French colonists settled in Mi’kmaq territory on the Bay of Fundy. The French called this place __________.
Acadia
This person was in charge of day-to-day affairs in New France, like making sure roads were being built.
Intendant
3 of the 4 reasons for imperial countries to expand their empires were curiosity, religion, and competiton.
What was the 4th reason?
Economics