French Society
Peasants and trades people
Who were the third estate?
High inflation, bad harvests, heavy debt, wild spending sprees by the royal family
What are the causes of French unrest?
an assembly of representatives from all three estates
Had not been held for 175 years
Always dominated by the First and Second Estates
What is the Estates-General?
Still retained executive power to enforce laws.
Who was Louis XVI?
While the Jacobins were radicals, this group was more moderate.
Who were the Girondists?
Paid 1/2 of their earnings to taxes
Who were the third estate?
Who was Marie Antoinette?
On June 17, 1789, they voted to establish the National Assembly, in effect proclaiming the end of absolute monarchy and the beginning of representative government.
What was the first deliberate act of revolution?
The National Assembly created this kind of government.
What is Constitutional Monarchy?
Who was Marat?
Nobles
Who made up the second estate?
Corrupt and weak leader
Who was Louis XVI
The third estate, locked out of the meeting, gets together and writes a new Constitution.
What is the Tennis Court Oath?
Could vote to go to war.
Who was the legislative assembly?
Leader of the Committee of Public Safety, he too eventually lost his head to the guillotine--an instrument that would claim the king's and queen's heads as well.
Who was Robespierre?
The percent of land owned by the Second Estate
What is 20%?
Absolute Monarch
What was the kind of rule France had prior to the Revolution?
“men are born and remain free and equal in rights” Rights included “liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.” Guaranteed citizens equal justice, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion.
What is The Declaration of the Rights of Man?
Could create laws
Who was the legislative assembly?
Claimed 40,000 French lives--85% were peasants, and many met their end by the guillotine.
What was the Reign of Terror?
Roman Catholic Clergy
Who were the first estate?
Grandfather of Louis XVI who said "l'etat c'est moi."
Who was the Sun King Louis XIV?
The slogan of the Revolution.
What is
“Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”?
National assembly failed to address two important problems.
What were the high debt and the food shortages?
A two-house legislature and an executive body of five moderate (not revolutionary idealists) men.
What was the Directory?