Old Regime
What was the name of the oath that was taken, three days after the Third Estate Delegates were ignored? And why was the oath named the way it is?
Just days before the Third Estate delegates had reached an agreement that would increase their involvement in meeting discussions. However when the next meeting occurred the Third Estate delegates were locked out of the meeting room. Therefore, they broke the door to an indoor tennis court, and there they wrote a new constitution. It was then called the “Tennis Court Oath”.
How did the Napolean empire gain the ability to increase their fame and recognition of their military in 1795?
They gained their fame and military recognition because they defended the National Convention against the royalist rebels. He additionally received a promotion to be the leader for the French Army in Italy.
Where was the birthplace of Napoleon Bonaparte and what did he achieve to symbolize the start of his career in the military?
He was born in Corsica, France. After attending military school, at the age of 16, he was promoted and became a lieutenant.
In 1803 a French territory was sold to the United States, and for what purposes?
The Louisiana Territory was sold at the cost of $15 million dollars because Napoleon lost hope of the New World. He believed this after losing to Haiti due to a slave revolt.
What action took place In June 1789, there was a division from the previous traditional Estates-General and began creating and passing laws, done in the name of the French people?
The National Assembly formed.
Who were the individuals in each of the estates? What were each of the estate privileges, job roles, and differences?
The three estates; First Estate, Second Estate, and Third Estate varied based on wealth. The First Estate mainly consisted of clergy {Owned 10% land, had education services}, The Second Estate consisted of rich nobles {Owned 20% land, and practically no taxes. The Third Estate were the rest of the population; Bankers, factory owners, professionals, and skilled artisans. They lacked privileges, the more wealth they had the higher their social status.
In 1799 who was Coup d’Etat, and what new kind of government did Napoleon establish after?
The directory was the Coup d’Etat in 1799 and Napoleon used the support of the military to create the consulate. Then he named himself the “First Consule”.
Which 1795 event assisted Napoleon gain higher military rankings and then increase his overall national fame?
He increased his military rankings by acting to defend the National Convention against the royalist rebels. This portrayed a heroic illustration of his character and had led to his promotions as a commander in chief for the French army against the country of Italy.
After what battle in 1805 did the British validate their naval dominance and reassured that France would fail to invade them?
The Battle of Trafalgar, is when the leadership of Horatio Nelson had confirmed the British Navy was superior and Napoleon would face defeat.
What name was given to the panis that had spread all through France and peasants were invading nobles’ homes and had participated in burning feudal documents?
This time period was known as the Great Fear.
When and what was the French people's response to the rumors that the French military would force the National Assembly to be disbanded. Which group was dominant, and what was the name of the French holiday created as a result of this revolt?
People then gathered weapons in an attempt to defend the city from invasion. July 14th marked the day the French people searched for gunpowder and over through the Paris prison and seized control of the building. This revolution had been marked as a French Holiday similar to July fourth “Bastille Day”
In 1800 how did Napoleon use the plebiscite to merge, but increase his power and what was the irony of this move?
This national vote approved the new constitution which gave him the right to have absolute power. This meant he led a dictatorship, however he led France with the image as a republic country.
What clever military tactic did Napoleon create after a failed Egyptian campaign attempt to preserve his valiant reputation?
Napoleon had used his control over his press to conceal his failure of attaining Egypt. This maintained his heroic image and kept the population from thinking he was anything but a mighty successful leader.
In 1812, there were a few European nations Napoleon had not conquered. Which major countries were not conquered? What was the strategic reasoning behind each of them?
Firstly, the British were avoided due to their strong navy, and Portugal had British alliances. Additionally, Sweden was a neutral country, but had a powerful military. Lastly the Ottoman Empire was less of an interest and wouldn’t pose as a political gain.
Which group, in October 1789 had marched to Versailles demanded bread, and resulted in the Paris royal families to return back home?
The defiant Parisian Women.
The members of the bourgeoisie in the Third Estate built resentment against the First and Second Estate, even though they already had wealth and an adequate education.
Although they were successful in their education and wealth, they lacked the privileges, power (politically), and had heavy taxes they were forced to pay. This became an issue because the First and Second Estate weren’t forced to pay them.
Which two reforms were centered around the economy and the government that Napoleon had put in place in an effort to make France a stable country?
Napoleon had created a national banking system and a tax collection system that was meant to be fair to all. Additionally, he had reduced corruption because he removed the dishonest working officials.
Which government was in power before Napoleon came to power? What weakness had led to their vulnerability and allowed Napoleon to overthrow their government?
The Directory was in power, and they were led by 5 lead executives. The roles began to become corrupted and inadequate. This left the people of France unsatisfied with their leadership. They later supported Napoleon’s army.
Why was the Napoleonic Empire a large, but unstable, and eventually led to the downfall of his empire?
Napoleon prided himself in conquering numerous countries by using his military campaigns, and formed greater tensions with other countries. He was desperate for an increase in land and power, leading to disputes and the end of his empire.
What was the name of the time period in September 1792, when French frustrated mobs formed and over 1,000 prisoners were killed by them due to the fear of royalist uprisings?
This was the September Massacre.
How did France’s financial crisis in the late 1780’s reveal more weaknesses of the Old Regime, and how would the Third Estate be impacted?
The debt from the French government, primarily from King Louis XVI and Queen Antoinette, was overspending for entertainment purposes, and caused them to be left with financial issues. The Third Estate were especially affected because they were the highest and nearly only taxpayers. With this done, the Third Estate grew frustrated because the First and Second Estates were exempt from paying. This exposed vulnerability and instability during the Old Regime. The inequality between the estates fueled more disputes.
What were the lycees? How did their impact reflect Napoleon's ideas on excellence and services of the state?
Napoleon established public schools, so the government officials were given services based on merit instead of their birth social status. This had advanced their system and enhanced the professional world and maintained a loyal government.
What were the conditions going on in France that had made it simpler for Napoleon to attain power in 1799.
There was instability in the political sense, an increase in corruption from the directory, and various ongoing foreign wars. This led the French population desiring a strong and stable leadership.
What victory in Europe had established a firm dominance for Napoleon's empire and had reinforced his military reputation all across the continent?
The Battle of Austerlitz in 1805, against Austrian and Russian forces. This triumphant French victory had reinforced the power of the French military.
In 1792, which legislative body had officially abolished the monarchy and announced France a republic?
The legislation body was the National Convention.