Before French Revolution
Why was the Estates General called?
1st and 2nd Estate called it to fight the taxes Louis XVI wanted to place on them
Reign of Terror
Period when Robespierre was in charge from 1793 to 1794 approx. 40,000 people died
When did Napoleon seizes power and what happened?
1799 Napoleon had his troops surround national legislature which led to the directory dissolving and vote in three consuls with Napoleon as the 1st
Continental System
blockade set up to prevent all trade and communication between G.B. and other European Nations
Containment of France
prevent future French aggression by surrounding France with strong countries
How were the estates set up (economically and population wise?)
1st- Clergy 1%
2nd- Nobles 2%
3rd- Everyone else 97% (took brunt of all the taxes)
Who was Jean-Paul Marat and why was he important?
One of the most prominent members of the Jacobins
Called for the death of everyone who still supported the king
devoted to the rights of Paris's poor people
How did Napoleon restore France?
-set up efficient method for tax collection and national banking system
-Lycee
-reestablished Religion with limitations
-Napoleonic code
Peninsular War
Napoleon invaded Spain to get to Portugal
lost 300,000 soldiers during this war
Balance of Power
To diminish France's power but not severely punish them
they still remained a main power in Europe
What is the National Assembly and why was it important?
Renaming of the third estate- they would pass and reform laws in the name of the French people
Got rid of Absolute monarch and created a representative government (constitutional monarchy)
Who was Robespierre?
Was leader from 1793-1794 of Jacobin
tried to create a "republic of virtue"
got rid of Sundays/ religion and was known for killing people if they were less radical then him
What were Napoleons main goals?
Invasion of Russia
Invaded b/c Russia wouldn't stop selling grain to G.B. and competing views of Poland
10,000 soldiers left
Legitimacy
to reestablish the ruling families that Napoleon may have driven out
Who was Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes and why was he important?
Clergyman that called for the third estate to create National Assembly
How was the legislative assembly divided and who fought for the most change?
Radicals, Moderates, and Conservatives
Radicals wanted the most change
Why did Napoleon sell the Louisiana purchase to the US?
-to pay off French debt
-to punish G.B. because the sale assures the forever power of the U.S.
What was the Hundred days?
Napoleon's last bid for power
What was the concert of Europe?
series of alliances that ensured nations would help one another if any revolutions broke out
Explain the three reasons why the French Revolution occured
New Government Ideals- enlightenment
Weak Leadership- Louis XVI was indecisive and listened to Marie Antionette's terrible advice
Economic Problems- American Rev, Heavy Taxes, Marie
Fear that the revolt in France would spread to Prussia
No led to Legislative dissolving the king and him being executed
He took the crown from the pope and crowned himself
Which of the three mistakes was the worst and why?
Continental System because it led to the other two happening
What was the MAIN goal of the Congress of Vienna? was it successful/ accomplished?
to stop the spread of democratic ideals
this was unsuccessful, more people saw democracy as the best way to ensure equality and justice for all