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Pre-Revolution France
Liberal Phase/Radical Phase
Napoleon
Early 19th C, Nationalism
Later 19th C. Nationalism
100
This term was used to describe France in its pre-Revolutionary state...one where kings ruled, aristocrats gained and lower classes were burdened
What is the Ancien Regime?
100
By issuing the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, the third estate formed a Legislative Assembly, and effectively formed in France this type of government...
What is a constitutional monarchy?
100
Napoleon's early notoriety came through military successes he'd had in this European country, where he subsequently developed a taste for governing...
What is Italy?
100
Nationalism...define/describe it.
What is the recognition of commonality of language, culture or ancestry that motivates people to act for various purposes or achieve certain outcomes like formation of state governments or separation from larger empires
100
These two kingdoms led Italian and German Unification respectively...
What are Piedmont-Sardinia and Prussia?
200
Describe at least two factors that could be considered LONG TERM causes of the French Revolution
What are...debt accumulated through various wars, absolute monarchical power, injustice of the Estates System, unequal taxation...?
200
This initiative by the Legislative Assembly was very controversial as it made the catholic church a function of the state government...
What is the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?
200
Napoleon became the leader of France through a __________, a word that means "blow of state" in French.
What is coup d e'tat?
200
These two nations, where revolutions happened in the 1820's and 1830's, were examples of the separatist nature that nationalism can take..
What are Greece and Belgium? Or Poland.
200
This man, called "the sword" of Italian Unification embarked on a military campaign to unite the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
Who is Giuseppe Garibaldi?
300
The issue of how to resolve French debt led Louis XVI to convene this body, which hadn't met in 175 years...
What is the Estates General?
300
These factors (at least three) led to the onset of the RADICAL PHASE of the French Revolution...
What are fear of counter revolution, conspiracy of the king, religious divisions, threats from foreign countries, radical voices in new National Convention (Jacobin), lingering financial hardships?
300
This one nation served as Napoleon's greatest roadblock to European dominance...
What is Great Britain?
300
Revolutions occurred across almost the entire European continent during this year?
What is 1848?
300
This man was seen as the person who made German Unification a reality
Who is Otto von Bismarck?
400
Upon the Estates General convening, the Third Estate was awakened and demanded what change to the body's procedure
What is that the delegates would be able to vote by head, rather than singularly by estate, thereby reflecting their majority?
400
This body was the seat of government during the Radical Phase, ushering in the Reign of Terror and De-Christianizataion policy
What is the National Convention or Committee of Public Safety?
400
Continental System...identify and explain its significance.
What is Napoleon's effort to economically isolate GB by preventing European nations from trading with them. It backfired...nations traded with GB illegally and forced Napoleon to engage in difficult military action to address it.
400
Klemens von Metternich...identify and explain his significance.
Who is the foreign minister of Austria who set the goals for conservative governments in dealing with liberal and nationalist forces in order to restore balance and peace to Europe from 1815-48?
400
Realpolitik...describe it and provide an example of how it was employed in the process of unifying Germany.
What is a realistic approach to political decision making that doesn't necessarily consider or care about morals or consequences if they prevent a goal from being achieved...Bismarck starting wars, editing telegrams, working without parliamentary approval, etc...
500
One the most influential IMMEDIATE or SHORT TERM causes of the French Revolution was...
What is either a grain shortage, which led to inflation and riots, or when the king summoned the Estates General to address the issue of taxation in response to debt?
500
Explain the difference between Liberal, Conservative and Radical in the context of 1789 European politics, using appropriate spectrum terms..
What is liberal would like to see an alteration to the status quo, conservatives would like to maintain the state of things as they are, radical advocate tremendous or extreme change from the status quo?
500
The Congress of Vienna was considered the conservative "reaction" to the liberalism and nationalism represented by Napoleon...in what ways was that conservatism represented by the actions of that Congress...
What is the restoration of monarchies across Europe (legitimacy) and an alliance (Concert of Europe) to squash and liberal and national movements that may pop up.
500
Klemens von Metternich hailed from Austria...he was incredibly concerned about liberalism and nationalism in Europe as...
What is Austria was a multi-ethnic empire with lots of nationalist groups who, if overtaken by feelings of unity or separation, could serve to de-stabilize his empire?
500
The Franco-Prussian War served as the last piece in the puzzle of German Unification as it did this..
What is unite all German states against a common foe, so that southern German kingdoms would unite with the North German confederation or Prussia?