French Revolution Important People
Name the Three Estates and who they are
First Estate: Clergy
Second Estate: Nobles
Third Ester: Commoners, Middle Class, Peasants
These two estates paid no taxes.
What was the First and Second Estate?
Napoleon made the disastrous mistake of invading this country in 1812
Russia
European heads of government were looking to establish long-lasting peace and stability on the continent after the defeat of Napoleon. They had a goal of the new European order—one of collective security and stability for the entire continent. A series of meetings, known as the ___________
What was the Congress of Vienna?
Which 4 philosophers' ideas are found in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
John Locke: He argued that all individuals are born with the Natural Rights to life, liberty, and property. He also proposed that if a government fails to protect these rights, the people have a right to revolt.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau: This Genevan philosopher's ideas on the social contract and the "general will" profoundly influenced the document. Government should be based on will of people (Majority rule)
Baron de Montesquieu: The declaration incorporates Montesquieu's principles regarding the separation of powers. He advocated for dividing government into different branches—legislative, executive, and judicial—Checks and Balances
Voltaire: As a French Enlightenment writer, Voltaire's support for freedom of religion and freedom of expression found their way into the Declaration.
Was in massive debt, failed to reform France, fled Paris and then was beheaded.
Who is King Louis XVI?
This was the more humane device used to execute the enemies of France during the French Revolution.
What was the guillotine?
This gave the France a uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices. However, it actually limited liberty and promoted order and authority over individual rights. For example, freedom of speech and of the press, established during the Revolution, were restricted under the code.
What was the Napoleonic Code?
Maintaining this would be the goal of the Congress of Vienna.
What was the "balance of power"
After Napoleon's final defeat, France gave him power for a time.
Who was Louis XVIII?
The storming of this prison on July14th, 1789, became the symbol of the French Revolution
What was the Bastille?
This was the economic plan to force the British to surrender due to economic collapse. Called for the blockade of France.
What was the Continental System?
He was the leader of Congress of Vienna and pushed to restore "legitimate monarchies"
Who was Prince Metternich?
The leader of the Committee of Public Safety and responsible for the Reign of Terror.
Who was Maximilien Robespierre?
In June of 1789, the Third Estate delegates found themselves locked out of their meeting room. They broke down a door and pledged to stay until they had drawn up a new constitution. This is known as what.....
What was the Tennis Court Oath?
This was the island that Napoleon was sent to when he was banished for the second time.
What was St. Helena?
The two main results of the Congress of Vienna.
What are Europe's countries boundaries redrawn and all of Napoleon's conquered territory taken away from France.
Some Parisian workers and small shopkeepers wanted the Revolution to bring even greater changes to France. They were called ____________
sans-culottes (SANZ kyoo•LAHTS),
Under this new government a new convention was established, monarchy abolished and all religious symbols are banned.
What was the French Republic?
This battle occurred during the Congress of Vienna and ended Napoleon's Hundred Days of Power
What was the Battle of Waterloo?
These five countries formed the main power at the Congress of Vienna
What are Austria, Russia, Prussia, Great Britain and France?
Most of the people involved in the governmental changes in September 1792 were members of a radical political organization, the _______________
Jacobins
This document emphasized the equality of all men, promoting the development of human rights. It also outlined civil rights in order to protect individuals’ freedom. The document guaranteed citizens equal justice, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
In his drive for a European empire, Napoleon lost only one major battle, the ___________ This naval
defeat, however, was more important than all of his victories on land. The battle took place in 1805 off the southwest coast of Spain. The British commander, Horatio Nelson, was as brilliant in warfare at sea as Napoleon was in warfare on land. In a bold maneuver, he split the larger French fleet, capturing many ships.
the Battle of Trafalgar (truh•FAL•guhr).