French Revolution
What eventually happened to Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI?
They were beheaded
Where was Marie Antoinette born?
Austria
WHO MADE UP THE SECOND ESTATE?
Noblemen
Who made up the 1st Estate?
Clergy
IN PRE REVOLUTIONARY FRANCE, WHICH GROUP OF PEOPLE HAD THE LEAST AMOUNT OF POLITICAL POWER?
PEASANTS?
What happened at the Bastille on July 14, 1789?
The peasants stormed the building
What was another term for the French Bill of Rights
The Declaration of the Rights of Man
What battle was the final defeat in Napoleon's military career?
Waterloo
What gave the Reign of Terror its name?
Many people were executed
List the Estates from most power to least power (say what they are)
1. First Estate - Clergy
2. 2nd Estate - Nobles and Aristocrats
3. 3rd Estate - Bourgeois, Working class, and peasants
List a privilege that the 1st Estate enjoyed
They collected tithe, censorship of the press, control of education, kept records of births, deaths, marriages, etc., owned 10-20% of the land
List one exemption and privilege of the 3rd Estate
Trick Question! The 3rd Estate had NO exemptions or privileges.
List 2 burdens of the 3rd Estate (need at least 2 to get points)
PAID ALL TAXES, PAID TITHE, FORCED ROAD WORK, POLL TAX, INCOME TAX, SALT TAX, LAND TAX, FEUDAL DUES FOR USE OF THE LOCAL MANOR'S SUPPLIES
Who were the Bourgeois?
Middle class who weren't nobles or clergy
True or False: The philosophes would have been against getting rid of the government
False
Explanation: They wanted better government, but they didn't want no government
FOR ALL 500 POINTS: (You have an option)
a. List one thing that Montesquieu believed and one that that Rousseau believed
b. Two things that Voltaire believed
c. One thing that Montesquieu believed and one that that Voltaire believed
a. England's form of government was better than a monarchy, establish a balance of power between Parliament and the king, balanced government (Montesquieu); People are born free but usually end up enslaved, kings should rule by the will of the people, not by the will of God
b. Great advocate of religious freedom, church deliberately keep people in ignorance and superstition (refused to tolerate disagreements)
c. England's form of government was better than a monarchy, establish a balance of power between Parliament and the king, balanced government (Montesquieu)
Who made up the 3rd Estate (Need ALL to get the points)
Anyone who was not a clergy or a noble
True or False: The extravagant spending of the monarchy contributed to the starting of the French Revolution
True
How did the people of France feel about the king firing Necker?
They thought that Necker was their ally. When he wasn't in work anymore, they knew he could not help them or fix the problems
WHAT REVOLUTIONARY POLITICAL GROUP WAS ROBESPIERRE ONCE A PART OF BUT LATER TURNED AGAINST BEHEADING MANY OF ITS MEMBERS?
THE JACOBINS?
What was the greatest factor in Napoleon's defeat in Russia?
The cold Russian winter
Why is the summer of 1789 known as the "Time of the Great Fear" in France?
Peasants rioted and fled from what they thought was a nobles' plot to kill them
Which of the following did the Declaration of the Rights of Man not establish?
A.The end of the monarch
B.The legal equality of all citizens
C.Freedom of Speech
D. Freedom of religion
A. THE END OF THE MONARCHY
Which title did Napoleon never hold?
a. General
b. Emperor
c. King
d. Consul
C. King
WHY DID THE JACOBINS ESTABLISH A NEW CALENDAR?
THE OLD CALENDAR WAS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRISTIANITY