Freud's Bio
Who did Freud marry?
Martha Bernays
What is anxiety a response to?
Perceived danger
Who is birth trauma about?
The trauma of the infant
Who debunked Otto Ranks theory?
Sigmund Freud
In what 3 big situations does a child experience anxiety?
When a child is alone
When a child is in the dark
When a child is with a stranger instead of someone they are familiar with
What degree did Sigmund Freud have?
M.D.
What makes anxiety different from other unpleasurable states?
Anxiety has motor manifestations, or acts of discharge
Is Otto Rank's theory accurate?
no
What was Freud's rebuttal to Rank's claim that infants receive sensory impressions that later re-emerge through anxiety?
It’s not plausible that a child should retain any, other than general and tactile, sensations from birth.
Why does an infant experience anxiety in the big 3 situations?
Loss of an object
Where did Freud spend most of his medical career?
Vienna's General Hospital
What two ways does anxiety present itself?
expedient and inexpedient
What does Otto Rank's theory try to establish?
A relationship between a child’s earliest phobias and birth.
Why is it not sensible that a child should fear small animals going into and emerging from holes because of trauma from birth?
This is an analogy for which the child cannot be aware.
What is the object the infant loses that causes anxiety?
the mother
Which of Freud's children followed in his footsteps of psychoanalysis?
Anna
1.) A feeling of unpleasure
2.) Acts of discharge
3.) Perceptions of those acts
What is the first claim of Rank's theory?
The infant received sensory impressions from birth, including visual.
What instance did Freud say contradicts Rank's claim that child trauma emerges from the recollection of the traumatic event that interrupted intra-uterine paradise?
When, for instance, a child is left alone in the dark one would expect it, according to his view, to welcome the re-establishment of the intra-uterine situations; yet it is precisely on such occasions that the child reacts with anxiety.
Why does the infant perceive the loss of object as a "dangerous" situation?
The infant learned that the mother satisfies its every need, so the danger non-satisfaction
Who did Freud train under for psychology?
Jean-Martin Charcot
What physiological symptoms (motor manifestations) of anxiety did Freud mention?
Respiratory organs preparing the way for the activity of the lungs.
Accelerating heartbeat to help keep the blood free from toxic substances.
What is the second claim of Otto Rank's theory?
The child fondly remembers the intra-uterine existence and the traumatic interruption of said existence.
What pattern of anxiety throughout childhood, according to Freud, dispproves Otto Rank's theory?
Instead of anxiety peaking at birth and slowly decreasing, it shows up later in the child’s development and lasts for a certain amount of time during childhood.
The reaction towards the loss of object is the infant's first step towards what?
self-preservation