Columbus & Exploration
In 1492, this explorer sailed across the Atlantic Ocean with three ships.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
This term describes the exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and ideas between the Old World and New World.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
This European country established the settlement of New Amsterdam.
What is the Netherlands?
This English queen ruled from 1558 to 1603 and was nicknamed the Virgin Queen.
Who is Queen Elizabeth I?
This was the first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in 1607.
What is Jamestown?
These two Spanish monarchs financed Columbus's famous voyage.
Who are King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella?
This animal was reintroduced to the Americas by Spanish explorers and transformed life for many Great Plains peoples.
What is the horse?
This English explorer sailed across the Atlantic in 1497 while searching for a route to Asia.
Who is John Cabot?
This king broke England's church away from the authority of the pope.
Who is King Henry VIII?
This colony was founded in 1634 and became a place where some English Catholics hoped to find greater religious freedom.
What is Maryland?
Columbus sailed across the Atlantic hoping to find a faster trade route to this continent.
What is Asia?
These two continents, along with Asia, are generally considered part of the Old World.
What are Europe and Africa?
New Amsterdam eventually became this major American city.
What is New York City?
These two major branches of Christianity were involved in religious conflicts in England.
What are Catholicism and Protestantism?
This Native American woman is remembered for her connections with the English settlers at Jamestown.
Who is Pocahontas?
These were the names of the three ships Columbus used during his first voyage.
What are the Niña, Pinta, and Santa María?
This crop originated in the Americas and became an important food in Europe after the Columbian Exchange.
What is the potato?
This explorer sailed for the Dutch and explored the river that now bears his name in present-day New York.
Who is Henry Hudson?
This English queen was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn.
Who is Elizabeth I?
This English leader helped Jamestown survive during its early years and promoted the importance of working to support the colony.
Who is John Smith?
This Portuguese prince helped encourage European exploration by supporting navigation and voyages along Africa's coast.
Who is Prince Henry the Navigator?
Horses helped many Great Plains peoples hunt this large animal more efficiently.
What is the bison (buffalo)?
France established colonies in North America partly to participate in this profitable trade involving animal pelts.
What is the fur trade?
This daughter of Henry VIII attempted to restore Roman Catholicism as England's official religion during her reign.
Who is Queen Mary I?
This second Lord Baltimore received Maryland's charter in 1632 and organized the establishment of the colony.
Who is Cecilius Calvert?
Columbus landed in this region of the Americas during his first voyage in 1492.
What is the Caribbean?
What was brought from the Old World, caused widespread deaths among Indigenous peoples who had little prior exposure to it.
Disease (smallpox)
This French explorer founded Quebec in 1608 and is sometimes called the Father of New France.
Who is Samuel de Champlain?
This religious group separated from the Church of England and eventually established Plymouth Colony.
Who are the Pilgrims (Separatists)?
This document, signed aboard the Mayflower in 1620, established an agreement for self-government among the Plymouth settlers.
Hint: The _________________ Compact
What is the Mayflower Compact?
These three motivations for European exploration are commonly remembered as the Three Gs.
What are God, Gold, and Glory?
Horses transformed life on the Great Plains by making these two activities easier and faster than traveling on foot.
What are hunting and transportation?
While Spain concentrated on conquest and extracting precious metals in parts of the Americas, the French in much of northern North America relied heavily on this economic activity.
What is trading animal furs?
This was the name of the national church established when England broke away from papal authority during Henry VIII's reign.
What is the Church of England?
This cash crop became especially important to the economies of Jamestown and colonial Maryland.
What is tobacco?
Although Columbus believed he had reached islands near Asia, his voyages instead began sustained contact between Europe and these two continents.
What are North America and South America?
The Columbian Exchange changed the Americas in both positive and negative ways. Name one introduced animal that changed transportation and one introduced disease that devastated Indigenous populations.
What are horses and smallpox?
This explorer, sailing for the Dutch East India Company in 1609, hoped to discover a route to Asia but instead explored waterways near present-day New York.
Who is Henry Hudson?
Religious conflict in England encouraged some settlers to travel to America because they hoped to gain more freedom to practice this.
What is their religion or faith?
The Pilgrims founded Plymouth Colony in 1620 in this present-day U.S. state.
What is Massachusetts?