Type of isomer?
Functional group?
Rules
Definitions
Disaccharide Bonds
100

Constitutional (structural) isomer

100

What functional groups do you see?

phosphate group

amino group

hydroxyl group

100

Unsaturated triglycerides require at least one-

double bond

100

Are there any chiral centers?

Yes! Look at the bottom of the 4-carbon ring. 

100

alpha-1,2 glycosidic bond

between: glucose and fructose (Sucrose)

200

enantiomer- they are mirror images of one another

200

disulfide group

carboxyl group (think carboxylic acid)

amino group

200

Enantiomers require-

a chiral center!

same chemical structure!

same chemical bonds!

200
Enantiomers differ in-
3D placement of atoms; they are non-superimposable 
200

beta-1,4 glycosidic

between: galactose and glucose (lactose)

300

Geometric Isomers

- which is cis? trans?

300

hydrolysis reaction? what would we produce?

carboxyl group

amino group

300

A hydrocarbon molecule is _____ but can be made _____ with _______ which allows it to interact with water.

nonpolar; polar; functional groups

300

substituted hydrocarbons-

hydrogen in the backbone of a hydrocarbon can be replaced with an element such as O or N


300

alpha- 1,4 glycosidic bond

between: glucose and glucose (maltose)

400

starch is -

polymer made up of glucose monomers

composed of:

- amylose: unbranched

- amylopectin: branched

400

to link up two monosaccharides, we must- 

extract a water molecules through dehydration synthesis

500

glycogen is- 

composed of glucose monomers

similar in structure to amylopectin but more highly branched

major storage form of glucose in animals

500

to unlink two monosaccharides, we must-

add in a water molecules through hydrolysis 

- hydro = water & lysis = breaking