ABG levels
The normal range for PaO₂ in arterial blood in a healthy adult breathing room air is between these values.
What is 80 to 100 mmHg?
The most common areas where pressure ulcers develop are over these.
What are bony prominences?
This is the first stage of Erikson's theory, where infants learn to develop trust if their needs are consistently met.
What is Trust vs. Mistrust?
This stage of sleep is characterized by rapid eye movement and vivid dreams.
What is REM sleep?
The first stage of grief in the Kubler-Ross model, characterized by shock and disbelief about the loss.
What is denial?
This ABG parameter is primarily responsible for regulating the acid-base balance through ventilation.
What is PaCO₂?
This stage of a pressure ulcer is characterized by non-blanchable redness of intact skin.
What is Stage 1?
In the stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, parents can foster autonomy by encouraging this behavior in their toddlers.
What is independent decision-making What is autonomy?
This term describes the biological clock regulating the sleep-wake cycle.
What is circadian rhythm?
A characteristic of this Kubler-Ross stage is intense sadness and withdrawal from activities once enjoyed.
What is depression?
An ABG showing pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 32 mmHg, and HCO₃ 22 mEq/L indicates this condition
What is respiratory alkalosis?
This scale is commonly used to assess a patient’s risk for pressure ulcers.
What is the Braden Scale?
This stage allows the initiative in planning or leading activities?
Initiative vs. Guilt
This condition is characterized by the inability to fall or stay asleep.
What is insomnia?
In this type of grief, the intensity of emotions increases over time instead of diminishing, leading to prolonged suffering.
What is complicated grief?
A PaO₂ level below 80 mmHg indicates this condition.
What is hypoxemia?
This term describes the separation of wound edges, which can occur as a complication in pressure ulcers.
What is wound dehiscence?
This stage focuses on middle adulthood and revolves around the need to contribute to future generations.
What is Generativity vs. Stagnation?
In this stage, heart rate slows, body temperature drops, and the body prepares for deep sleep.
What is Stage 2 sleep?
This grief response happens before the actual loss or death, often experienced by caregivers of terminally ill patients.
What is anticipatory grief?
Bicarbonate (HCO₃) levels are considered normal within this range of mEq/L.
What is 22–26 mEq/L?
This stage of pressure ulcer involves full-thickness skin loss with visible fat but no exposed bone, tendon, or muscle.
What is Stage 3? What are cuff size, patient position, and stress levels?
The central question in the Generativity vs. Stagnation stage revolves around this key idea.
What is "How can I contribute to the world?"
The sleep phase where the body performs tissue repair and growth.
What is deep sleep or NREM Stage 3?
This type of grief occurs when a loss is not openly acknowledged or publicly mourned, such as the loss of a pet or an ex-spouse.
What is disenfranchised grief?