Nursing Process & Clinical Thinking
This is the 5-step problem-solving framework nurses use, in order.
What is Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation (ADPIE)?
These are the three classic “rights” checked before giving a medication.
What are the right patient, right medication, and right dose?
According to Erikson, the major psychosocial task of school-age children (6–12 years) is this.
What is Industry vs. Inferiority?
This term means inadequate oxygen to the tissues; restlessness and confusion are common early signs.
What is hypoxia?
When communicating with an older adult with hearing loss, the nurse should do these two things instead of shouting.
What is face the patient and speak slowly and clearly in a low-pitched voice, reducing background noise?
A goal that focuses on the patient demonstrating a new skill, like using an inhaler correctly, is this type of learning domain.
What is a psychomotor goal?
This legal term is threatening to touch a patient without consent; this other one is actually touching them without consent.
What are assault and battery?
This aspect of self-concept is the image of who you would like to be—your goals and “best version” of yourself.
What is the ideal self?
This IV medication reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression and overdose.
What is naloxone?
When a patient does not speak English, this type of person should be used to translate instead of relying on family members.
What is a professional medical interpreter?
When the nurse evaluates a patient’s care plan and finds that goals were not met, this is what the nurse should do next.
What is reassess and revise the care plan (re-evaluate the data, adjust goals and/or interventions)?
Locking a competent patient in their room so they can’t leave, or using restraints without an order, is an example of this legal violation.
What is false imprisonment?
Interpersonal loss (like friend rejection or breakup) has a major impact on self-esteem in this age group.
Who are adolescents?
This is when a surgical wound’s layers separate; this is when organs protrude through the incision. Name both and the first nursing action.
What are dehiscence and evisceration, and cover with sterile saline-moistened gauze and notify the provider?
This term means a minority group gradually adopts the dominant culture’s values; this one means forcing your own culture and beliefs onto others.
What are cultural assimilation and cultural imposition?
This term means using the best current research, your clinical expertise, and the patient’s preferences to guide care.
What is evidence-based practice?
This ethical principle means respecting the patient’s right to make their own decisions about care, even if you disagree.
What is autonomy?
This term means orderly, predictable changes in structure and function over the lifespan; this other term means a permanent change in behavior or knowledge from experience.
What are development and learning?
This loop diuretic increases urine output; the nurse must monitor weight, blood pressure, and especially this electrolyte.
What is furosemide, and monitor potassium (K⁺)?
Give one example of primary prevention and one example of tertiary prevention.
Primary: Immunizations, health education, exercise programs
Tertiary: Rehab after stroke, chronic disease management, support groups
This term describes the final decision you make after analyzing assessment data and using critical thinking about a specific patient situation.
What is clinical judgment?
This organization in each state defines the scope of nursing practice, issues licenses, and can discipline nurses.
What is the State Board of Nursing?
Match each theorist to their focus: Erikson, Freud, and Kohlberg.
Erikson – psychosocial development
Freud – psychosexual development and personality (id/ego/superego)
Kohlberg – moral development
Name each type of pain
Superficial pain from skin or subcutaneous tissue
Pain felt in a location different than the source
Pain from a normally non-painful stimulus, often neuropathic
Answer: What are cutaneous pain, referred pain, and allodynia?
This nursing role means speaking up for patient rights and ensuring their preferences and needs are respected in the health care system.
What is being a patient advocate?