Genetics
DNA in its most compact form. They are visible during mitosis.
Chromosomes
Genetic information can be found inside the nucleus, stored as this biomolecule.
DNA
During the G1 phase, the cell grows and duplicates these.
Organelles
The first phase of mitosis, in which the nucleus dissolves and the chromosomes are visible.
Prophase
In order to highly compact itself, DNA will twirl around these proteins, creating a structure known as chromatin.
Histones
When an organism has two different alleles for a gene, this is the one that expresses.
Dominant allele
Before the cell divides, it needs to duplicate its entire genetic material, which happens in this phase.
S phase
During the telophase, two new of these form.
Nucleus
The process in which the information contained in an RNA molecule is read by a ribosome and used to synthetize a protein.
Translation
The physical, observable manifestation of the genotype.
Phenotype
When the cell stays permanently on the interphase and does not divide anymore.
G0 phase
In this phase, chromosomes align in the center of the cell.
Metaphase
It's the study of the entire genetic make-up of an organism as a single entity, as well as how genes interact with one another.
Genomics
A graphic way to represent all the possible genotypes the offsprings of two parects with known genotypes can have.
Punnett squares
When a problem is detected in one of the cycle's checkpoints, the cell will proceed to kill itself.
The division of the cytoplasm, which gives raise to two new independent cells.
Cytokinesis
Nitrogenous base that is only found in DNA.
Thymine
Mendel's third law, which stablishes that the alleles obtained for a gene do not influence in any way the alleles obtained for another.
Law of independent assortment
In the G2 phase, a lot of these specific proteins are synthetized. They will later be used during mitosis.
Microtubules
During anaphase, chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides of the cells by this structure made from microtubules.
Mitotic spindle