Week 13: Intracellular Compartments & Protein Sorting
The part of a protein responsible for directing it to the correct compartment
What is a signal sequence?
Adding two fatty acids to serine produces this important lipid.
What is ceramide?
General term for the process that involves the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane to release intracellular components to the extracellular environment.
What is exocytosis?
Both the concentration gradient and membrane potential form this to influence ion transport across a membrane.
What is the electrochemical gradient?
The organelle that imports proteins co-transitionally
What is the ER?
The nuclear side of this has fibrils forming a basket shape
What is a nuclear pore?
Member of a protein family of GTPase that are important for the regulation of membrane traffic, both endocytic and exocytic.
What are RAB proteins?
This protein assembles around the neck of a budding vesicle and uses GTPase to make the final cut.
What is dynamin?
A Multi-subunit protein assembly that transports proteins across the mitochondrial outer membrane?
What is the TOM complex?
Combining two fatty acids and glycerol-3-phosphate using acetyl-CoA and acyl transferase produces this compound.
What is phosphatidic acid?
The type of transport that is exemplified by transport from the Golgi to the ER
What is Anterograde transport?
A new compartment can be made when double-membrane sheets enclose cytosolic constituents using this form of compartmentalization.
What is engulfment?
The way that nascent polypeptide chains are transferred across the ER membrane.
What is a pore in the SEC61 protein translocator complex?
This organelle is thought to have once done all oxidative activity in the cell, before the mitochondria was introduced.
What is a peroxisome?
The orientation of glycoproteins and glycolipids in intracellular membranes.
What is their oligosaccharide chains facing the lumenal side?
When these two proteins of similar name interact, they are able to pull membranes close enough together to fuse.
What are v-SNARE and t-SNARE?
The orientation of the N-terminus and the C-terminus in the class of single-pass transmembrane proteins that have a single internal hydrophobic sequence that functions as both an ER signal sequence and membrane anchor sequence.
What is the C-terminus on the luminal face and N-terminus on the cytostolic face?
Sections rich in these repeats form “gates” within nuclear pores.
What are FG (phenylalanine-glycine) repeats?
In events involving the fusion of a vesicle to a target membrane this happens to the cytosolic leaflets of vesicles and target bilayers.
What is the cytosolic leaflets of the two membrane bilayers come into contact and fuse, than followed by the noncytosolic leaflets?
A combination of 3 heavy and 3 light chains form a triskelion which is part of this type of vesicular coat.
What is clathrin?