Category 1: Macronutrients & Micronutrients
This macronutrient provides the most concentrated source of energy at 9 calories per gram.
What is fat?
This term refers to the energy required to sustain vital body functions at rest.
What is basal metabolism?
This diet includes foods like broth, gelatin, and apple juice.
What is a clear liquid diet?
A loss of 10 lb in 1 month without intent suggests this condition.
What is malnutrition?
This tube is used for short-term enteral feeding through the nose into the stomach.
What is a nasogastric (NG) tube?
This nutrient is essential for tissue repair, enzyme production, and muscle growth.
What is protein?
One pound of body fat equals approximately this many calories.
What is 3,500 calories?
A patient with dysphagia should be placed on this diet to reduce aspiration risk.
What is a pureed diet?
Older adults are at risk for malnutrition due to this age-related change.
What is decreased taste and smell perception?
This tube, placed surgically through the abdomen into the stomach, is used for long-term feedings.
What is a PEG tube?
This type of carbohydrate helps regulate blood glucose and promotes bowel regularity.
What is dietary fiber?
This measurement relates weight to height and helps classify underweight, normal, or obese status.
What is Body Mass Index (BMI)?
This diet restricts foods like canned soup and processed meats to control blood pressure.
What is a low-sodium diet?
Name two clinical signs of poor nutrition.
What are brittle hair and delayed wound healing?
Before giving a bolus tube feeding, the nurse must do this to ensure safety.
What is check gastric residual and verify tube placement?
Deficiency in this mineral can cause anemia due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.
What is iron?
The nurse teaches that skipping meals lowers metabolism because it decreases this energy process.
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
For patients with high cholesterol, the nurse recommends foods low in this nutrient.
What is saturated fat?
This lab test is often used to assess long-term protein status.
What is serum albumin?
This major complication of enteral feeding occurs when formula enters the lungs.
What is aspiration?
This vitamin promotes calcium absorption and prevents rickets in children.
What is vitamin D?
This nutrient, though not a source of calories, is vital for temperature regulation and waste removal.
What is water?
A patient with constipation should follow this type of diet.
What is a high-fiber diet?
A patient with alcoholism is likely deficient in this B vitamin critical for neurological function.
What is thiamine (vitamin B1)?
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) must be given through this type of IV access.
What is a central venous catheter?