Make a question
I will turn 30 next year. - Sorry, I didn't catch that. How old ___________________ next year?
I will turn 30 next year. - Sorry, I didn't catch that. How old will you turn next year?
If you ___________(not practise), you ________(not pass) your exams.
If you don't practise, you won't pass your exams.
Galina will fly to Spain on the coming holidays.
Galina is going to fly to Spain on the coming holidays.
The dog is very dirty after the walk. I think they ARE GOING TO wash it now.
Prediction based on evidence
BY or UNTIL: Will you have finished your essay _____ Wednesday? - No, I won't have finished it _______ Friday.
BY or UNTIL: Will you have finished your essay by Wednesday? - No, I won't have finished it until Friday.
The plane arrives in Beijing at noon. - Sorry, what time ______________________ to Beijing?
The plane arrives in Beijing at noon. - Sorry, what time does the plane arrive in Beijing?
She is taking part in the race today. - Yes, she _______(probably become) a winner.
She is taking part in the race today. - Yes, she will probably become a winner.
Oh, can you imagine? This time next year we will swim in the sea and sunbathe.
Oh, can you imagine? This time next year we will be swimming in the sea and sunbathing.
Why Present Continuous here: Are you LEAVING tomorrow morning?
Going to + a verb of movement
Look! The bus is closing the doors. It leaves/is going to leave soon.
Look! The bus is closing the doors. It is going to leave soon.
During the exhibition I will be taking pictures. Sorry, what _________________(do) at the exhibition?
During the exhibition I will be taking pictures. Sorry, what will you be doing at the exhibition?
Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? - Sorry, after work I __________________ (see) the dentist. I've already made an appoitnment.
Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? - Sorry, after work I'm seeing the dentist. I've already made an appoitnment.
Oh god, I'm afraid that by the start of the performance I will not remember my lines in the play. But I have to learn my role well.
Oh god, I'm afraid that by the start of the performance I will not have remembered my lines.
Why "SHALL": Shall we dance?
An offer to do something together
Tim is opening/opens his shop as early as 7 am next Saturday.
Tim is going to open/is opening his shop as early as 7 am next Saturday.
I will have built the cottage by the end of the month. - Sorry, when _____________________ the cottage?
I will have built the cottage by the end of the month. - Sorry, when will you have built the cottage?
Today in the morning you have cancelled our reservation. - Yes, I have. I ____________ (not to stay) in this hotel!
Today in the morning you have cancelled our reservation. - Yes, I have. I'm not going to stay in this hotel!
By 5 o'clock in the evening I will be driving for 12 hours.
By 5 o'clock in the evening I will have been driving for 12 hours.
Why Present tense? - Call me as soon as you've finished.
First Conditional sentence, Present tense in the conditional part.
Would you like a drink? - Thank you, I will/am going to have a glass of juice.
Would you like a drink? - Thank you, I will have a glass of juice.