Hyperglycemia
Q: Diabetes can only be managed with medicine.
A. True
B. False
A:
B. False
treatments include medication, lifestyle adjustments, and management of diabetes' various complications.
Q: Name one nursing intervention to reduce knowledge deficit in diabetes mellitus patients
A: Teach the patient how to perform home glucose monitoring/Educate patient on the correct rotation of injection sites when administering insulin/Instruct the patient on the proper storage of insulin/Educate the patient about the health benefits and importance of exercise in the management of diabetes/Any reasonable answers
Q: Which of the following is the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?
A. Increased thirst
B. Weight loss
C. hungry
D. polyuria
A:
C. During hypoglycemia, a person’s blood glucose level is low. Body cells cannot gain enough glucose for cellular activity. As a result, cells send message to the brain to trigger a “hunger” sensation to compensate the low blood glucose level.
Q: Verbalizing anxiety is the best coping method. True or False?
A: False. There are alternative methods of coping with anxiety. E.g. writing a journal/meditation/exercising and etc. Some patients may find the alternative methods more suitable or effective.
Q: What is the rationale for prioritizing anxiety and knowledge deficit at the same level during POC2-POC3?
A: We believed that adequate DM knowledge will allow Mr. Ho to have a better grasp on this own condition as well as increase his compliance in future interventions. Although anxiety was a potential problem. Knowledge deficit is one of the causes of anxiety, anxiety will affect the effectiveness of learning. They are closely related. Therefore, they should be treated simultaneously.
Q:What is the function of normal saline solution during admission to PoC-1?
A: Improve circulation volume and tissue perfusion, decrease serum glucose and plasma osmolarity to normal level, clearing serum and urine of ketones, maintain electrolyze balanced
Q: What are the nursing roles for knowledge deficit in Mr. Ho's case during POC2 and POC3?
A: At POC-2, Stress the important knowledge in DM management by providing leaflets or educational videos, Encourage them to raise questions, Encourage patient to practice more on HGBM technique by himself without the supervision of DM nurse, Assess the competence of the patient in performing the techniques. At POC-3, Refer the patient to community nurses for on-site home visits, Provide hot-lines of DM center for inquiries
Q: Which of the following is the most common cause of hypoglycemia
A. Excessive alcohol use
B. Diabetic medications, for example insulin
C. Endocrine disorders
D. Lifestyle factors
A:
B. The use of diabetic drugs is found to be the major cause of hypoglycemia.
Q: 3 possible physical symptoms of anxiety.
A: elevated vital signs/diaphoresis/urinary urgency and frequency/dry mouth/muscle tension/palpitations/chest pain/fatigue/SOB
Q: What are the ways to tackle the problem of knowledge deficit and anxiety at the same time?
A: Respect differences in learning ability/ Provide reassurance when patient was able to perform what he has learnt/ Welcome questions from patients/ Provide comfort when patient feel frustrated in learning
Q: Why osmolarity is measured?
A: It is the measure of solute concentration, such as sodium and glucose, high osmolarity means high blood concentration which may indicate hyperglycemia.
Q: How do you assess the knowledge deficit?
A:
Verbalization of problem/ Exaggerated behavior as compensation for lack of knowledge/Hostile behavior toward healthcare staff/ Verbalization of erroneous information about the condition or treatment/ Inaccurate execution of newly learned tasks/ Any reasonable answers
Q: Alcohol intake is one of the risk factors of hypoglycemia because ethanol in alcohol acts as a coenzyme to catalyze the fermentation of glucose in blood into ethanol, thus lowering blood glucose level and cause hypoglycemia.
True
False
A: False. Alcohol intake is one of the risk factors of hypoglycemia because ethanol in alcohol raises the level of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (reduced) (NADH) level in blood, thus inhibiting the conversion of lactate to pyruvate, which is a key enzyme responsible for gluconeogenesis.
Q: When does anxiety becomes a problem?
A: When it is unexpectedly severe or long-lasting than anticipated after a stressful situation has ended/when it starts to affect coping abilities/when it affect the abilities to carry out normal daily activities/when it affects interactions with the world