Soil
topsoil
Sally the archeologist starts digging in the ground. At 2 meters, she finds fossil A. Then at 5 meters, she finds fossil B. What can she conclude about the ages of the fossils? What law tells us this?
The law of superposition tells us that fossil A is younger than fossil B.
As altitude decreases, air pressure ___.
increases
What is the meeting place between 2 different air masses called?
a front
What are the two things that affect gravity?
mass and distance
Soil horizon A contains a lot of ___, which is made of decayed organic materials.
humus
What kind of coal is a sedimentary rock and what kind of coal is a metamorphic rock?
Bituminous coal is a sedimentary rock.
Anthracite coal is a metamorphic rock.
Warm moist air from the equator rises up in the atmosphere where it ___ and forms ____.
condenses / clouds
What kind of weather could be expected at a cold front? Why?
You might expect stormy weather because the cold air mass pushes up the warm air mass. When the water vapor in the warm air mass condenses, it creates big storm clouds.
What 2 things keep Earth orbiting around the Sun?
Farmer Sally tells you that she's going to do a crop rotation. What is the reason for this?
It's a way to add nutrients back into the soil.
Which kind of energy production is problematic for migrating birds?
What kind of energy is created from plant and animal waste?
wind energy
biomass
What does the warm air from the equator do after it rises and condenses?
It spreads north and south, cooling and getting heavier. Eventually, it sinks back down to Earth around 30 degrees latitude.
What happens during an El Nino year?
Water off of S. America warms. The water in Asia/Australia cools. High pressure air from Asia/Australia blows towards the low pressure zone off S. America, reversing the normal wind directions.
"You turkey! If the Sun disappeared, we would keep travelling forever in a straight line due to inertia."
turkey / wind break / soil erosion
How does nuclear power work?
Atoms are split, releasing lots of energy.
Farmer Sally asks, "Does high pressure air at 30 degrees latitude blow toward the equator in a straight line?" You reply, "No, you ___! It curves to the ___ in the Northern Hemisphere because of the ____."
turkey / right / Coriolis Effect
Why might hurricanes cause flooding near the coast?
Hurricanes cause a storm surge, which raises sea levels.
It's been about 3 days since the full moon. Farmer Sally looks up in the sky. What moon phase will she see?
waning gibbous
If your farm is located on a hill, what are 2 ways that you can prevent soil erosion?
List the steps taken to create electricity in a coal power plant.
1. Coal is burned, creating heat.
2. The heat boils water, creating steam.
3. The steam turns a turbine.
4. The turbine spins a generator.
5. The generator makes electricity!!!!!
Farmer Sally took a break from farming and went to the beach. At about 2 pm, she was badly missing her farm and decided to draw a picture of it while sitting on the beach. Suddenly, the wind blew her paper away. Did her paper fly out to sea or into the swimming pool behind her? Fully explain!
It was a sea breeze that blew her paper into the swimming pool behind her. This is because the land heats up faster than the water during the day. The low pressure air above land rises and the high pressure air from the sea moves into place it.
____ in our atmosphere trap the Sun's heat and keep our planet warm. What are 3 examples of these?
water vapor, ozone, carbon dioxide, methane, etc...
When would a full moon appear red? Why does this happen?
This happens during a lunar eclipse. When the sunlight passes through Earth's atmosphere, the shorter wavelengths of light are scattered in Earth's atmosphere. However, red light, which is longer, passes through the atmosphere and reaches the Moon.