Geography
While it was once the center of a great empire, Rome is now just the capital of the country __________.
Italy
Jupiter, Vesta, Mars, Venus, etc., are all Roman names for the ________ pantheon of gods and goddesses.
Greek
The Romans built a network of public _______ that spanned across the entire empire and covered 50,000 miles (80,000 km).
roads
The long period (almost 200 years) of peace enjoyed during the Roman Empire is called the _________ __________.
Pax Romana
The most important part of the Roman economy was _________ (bread, olives, grain, wine, etc)
agriculture
Two southern regions of modern Italy that were captured by Rome from the Carthaginian Empire during the 1st Punic War are ________ and ______.
Sicily and Sardinia
The mythic founding of Rome as a city-state includes the story of the twins ________ and ________ who were abandoned and then raised by a wolf mother.
Romulus
Remus
What are two reasons why the art of ancient Rome was so varied?
1.)
2.)
The empire was huge and contained many cultures.
Art developed over centuries of Roman history.
Romans copied sculptures from ancient Greece.
Different materials were found in different regions controlled by the Roman Empire.
The________ were the elite, wealthy landowners with great political influence and power. The ________ were the common people who labored and lived modestly.
Patricians
Plebeians
Policies such as ________ (conquering others' lands) and _________ (forced labor) allowed privileged Romans, such as government officials and landowners, to become extremely wealthy.
colonization
slavery
At its peak, the Roman Empire covered major parts of the three continents _________, _________, and _________.
Europe
Africa
Asia
The consequences of the Roman-Jewish Wars included:
1)
2)
3)
Jews were forced out from Jerusalem; their holy city
Jews could not return to Jerusalem
The Hebrew Bible (Torah) was banned from all Roman territories
Hadrian built a temple to Jupiter on the site of the Jewish temple in Jerusalem
Hadrian renamed Jerusalem Aelia Capitolina and renamed Judaea Syria Palestina.
Roman achievements in art, literature, and science include:
Oratory (speeches of Julius Caesar and Cicero)
Philosophy (Stoics such as Seneca and Marcus Aurelius)
Astronomy (Ptolemy's geocentric model)
Natural History (animals, plants, geography)
The Roman_______ occurred between 753-510 BCE when Rome was just a city-state. The Roman________ occurred between 509-27 BCE when Rome was a large democracy. The Roman_______ occurred between 26 BCE - 476 CE when Rome was ruled by emperors and expanded to include much of Europe, Asia, and northern Africa.
Kingdom
Republic
Empire
The Roman Empire established trade partnerships with other civilizations in order to acquire luxury goods. These included silk from ________, ivory and myrrh from _______, and spices and jewels from ______.
China
Africa
India
Four major land features of Italy include:
__________, __________,___________, and ________________.
Tiber River
Apennine Mountains
Italian Alps
Mediterranean Sea
Adriatic Sea
Tyrrhenian Sea
What are four reasons that the Roman Empire, generally, allowed religious freedom for most of its history:
1)
2)
3)
4)
1) Roman religion was polytheistic (many gods) and syncretic (influenced by multiple other religions)
2) The Roman Empire wanted its foreign inhabitants to be happy and comfortable.
3) The Roman Empire cared about political and economic loyalty - not religious beliefs
4) Rome did not become a religious empire until 380 CE.
Four major architectural achievements of ancient Rome include:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Aqueducts (for transporting water sources)
Amphitheaters (for hosting public events)
Public Baths (for health and cleanliness)
Temples (for praying to Roman deities)
City Walls (used for defense in war)
Triumphal Arches (grand gates)
Network of Roads (for connecting the empire)
The _________ were the first written laws of ancient Rome. Laws were proposed by the ________ (who had jobs for life) which had to be approved by the ________ and ratified (signed into law) by the _________.
Twelve Tables; Senate; Magistrates; Assemblies
While wealthy women were allowed to run businesses and inherit money, most women were not allowed to
1.
2.
3.
4.
Vote or participate in government
Disobey their husbands
Receive an education
Own their family's property
What are 5 European countries that WERE NOT part of the Roman Empire?
Lithuania,Latvia,Estonia
Ireland,Scotland
Norway, Denmark, Finland, Sweden,
Poland, Belarus
The Emperor _______ converted to Christianity in the year 312. In the year 313, the ________ of ______ made Christianity ______. In the year 380 Emperor Theodosius made Christianity the ______ state religion of Rome.
Constantine
Edict
Milan
legal
official
Latin was the language of ancient Rome and was the source of five major "Romance" languages:
Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian
What are 5 reasons the Roman Empire fell apart:
1.) Emperor Diocletian split the empire into two parts (West and East)
2.) Germanic tribes (Goths, Visigoths, etc.) began attacking the western empire.
3.) Poverty, inequality, and class violence (rich vs poor)
4.) Corruption and selfishness among rulers.
5.) Unstable military (less loyalty to the empire)
Citizens daily lives in Rome included gathering at the _____(place with markets and temples) to socialize; watching _________ races at Circus Maximus or ________ matches (fights to death between slaves or prisoners) at the _______; or enjoying hot and cold mineral water in public ______ .
Forum
Chariot
gladiator
Colosseum
baths