Biomes
Tundra: Found in ___________regions with extremely _________temperatures, permafrost, and _________biodiversity.
What is Polar, cold, low?
What is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their nonliving environment?
Draw the water cycle.
Involves evaporation (water vapor rises), condensation (vapor cools and forms clouds), precipitation (water returns to Earth as rain or snow), infiltration (water seeps into soil), runoff (water flows into rivers and lakes), and transpiration (water released from plants).
Describe the two main groups within "Kingdom Animalia".
Describe trophic level.
What is position an organism occupies in a food chain or web, determined by its feeding relationships?
Draw the layers of the rainforest.
What is?
Emergent Layer
Canopy Layer
Understory
Forest Floor
What are the three components of an ecosystem and their definitions?
What is
Producers: Plants and algae that use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into chemical energy (glucose).
Consumers: Organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms. Includes herbivores (primary consumers), carnivores (secondary consumers), and omnivores (consume both plants and animals).
Decomposers: Microorganisms (bacteria, fungi) that break down dead organic matter into simpler nutrients, returning them to the soil for reuse by plants.
What are abiotic factors?
What is nonliving components of an ecosystem that influence organisms and ecosystem dynamics?
What are the groups of animals we studied?
What is echinoderms, sponges (porifera), cnidarians, arthropods, mollusks, fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals?
Why is biodiversity important?
What is enhances ecosystem stability, resilience to environmental changes, and provides ecosystem services like pollination, nutrient cycling, and pest control?
Tropical Rainforest: Located near the ______________, characterized by _________biodiversity, dense vegetation layers (canopy, understory), and constant warmth and rainfall. Supports a wide variety of ____________and _____________species adapted to compete for sunlight and moisture.
What is equator, high, plant, animal?
What is primary succession? What is secondary succession?
Primary Succession: Begins in barren, lifeless environments (bare rock or lava flow). Pioneer species like lichens and mosses establish, breaking down rock and forming soil. Over time, more complex plants and animals colonize the area.
Secondary Succession: Occurs after a disturbance (fire, flood) that removes existing vegetation but leaves soil intact. Faster process than primary succession as soil nutrients and seeds from nearby areas aid in recovery.
Name the relationship: Mutual regulation of animal populations. Some animals control other animal populations, preventing overgrazing or overpopulation of prey species, which can lead to ecosystem imbalance.
What is predator-prey relationship?
Draw the life cycle of a sea star.
What is
Egg->Larva->Juvenile->Adult
Name two factors that could affect growth rate of an ecosystem.
What is birth rate, death rate, immigration (arrival of new individuals), and emigration (departure of individuals)?
Savanna: Tropical or subtropical ____________________with scattered trees and shrubs. Seasonal ___________________supports grazing animals and large ____________________like elephants and zebras. Adaptations include deep roots for accessing __________________during dry seasons.
What is grasslands, rainfall, herbivores, groundwater?
Define "biodiversity".
What is the variety of life forms (species diversity) within an ecosystem. Includes genetic diversity (variation within species) and ecosystem diversity (variety of habitats and ecological processes)?
Define the relationship:
While enjoying nectar, bees transfer flower pollen from one flower to another, aiding in fertilization.
Draw the life cycle of a frog.
What is
Egg->tadpole->tadpole with legs->juvenile->adult
What is natural selection?
What is favorable traits (adaptations) are passed on to offspring, enhancing survival in specific environments?
Desert: Arid regions with ________________vegetation, extreme _______________________(hot during the day, cold at night), and minimal precipitation. Plants and animals have ___________________like water storage (succulents), nocturnal behavior, and heat tolerance.
What is sparse, temperatures, adaptations?
Describe the energy flow in an ecosystem.
What is energy enters ecosystems as sunlight and is captured by producers through photosynthesis. Energy flows through trophic levels as organisms consume each other. Each transfer of energy between trophic levels results in some energy loss as heat, limiting the number of trophic levels in an ecosystem.
Define the relationship:
Barnacles living on a whale.
Draw the life cycle of a bird.
What is
Egg->hatchling->juvenile->adult
What are some adaptations of an arctic animal?
What is thick fur and blubber for insulation, small ears to minimize heat loss?