Scientific Revolution
What is the belief that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun?
heliocentrism
What term describes rights that all people are born with, such as life and liberty?
Natural rights
What war caused Britain to tax the colonies?
French and Indian War / Seven Years War
What were the three Estates in France?
Clergy, Nobility, Commoners
What global biome is home to Santa's workshop, according to legend?
Arctic tundra
Who proposed the heliocentric theory that the Sun is at the center of the solar system?
Copernicus
What is the word for oppressive or unjust use of power by a government or ruler?
tyranny
What did the Stamp Act tax?
Which King ruled France before the Revolution?
Louis XVI
Which country’s Christmas tradition includes the giant Yule Goat, a massive straw structure often set on fire?
Sweden
Which scientist formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation?
Isaac Newton
What term refers to freedom from oppressive restrictions on thought, speech, and religion?
Liberty
Coercive Acts / Intolerable Acts
What caused the French government to take on massive debt during the 1770s and 1780s?
Funding the American Revolution
Which ancient civilization is credited with celebrating the winter solstice with a festival called Saturnalia?
The Romans
What is the system of thought that relies on evidence and reason rather than tradition or superstition?
Empiricism
What is the name of Rousseau’s idea that the authority of the government comes from the consent of the governed?
Social contract
5
What year did Louis XVI call the Estates-General for the first time since 1614?
1789
Which 19th-century period popularized many of the Christmas traditions we celebrate today, like Christmas trees and gift-giving?
The Victorian Era
Which planet did Galileo observe through his telescope, discovering its four largest moons?
Jupiter
What is the belief that reason and logic can be used to improve society and understand the world?
Rationalism
1767
What financial minister proposed taxing the nobility to address France’s debt?
Jacques Necker
What do people in Norway traditionally hide on Christmas Eve?
A broom