Osteology
What forms the Tibiofemoral joint?
Medial and lateral femoral condyles with the medial and lateral tibial condyles
What tendons attach to the patella? What do they do?
Quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon provide anterior stability
Where does the Medial (Tibial) Collateral Ligament attach? Action?
Medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial tibial condyle and the upper tibial shaft & the medial meniscus
Provides medial stability to the knee
What attaches to the MCL and the tibial intercondylar areas?
Medial Meniscus
What attaches from the posterior horn of the medial meniscus to the intercondylar fossa of the medial femoral condyle? Action?
PCL
Limits posterior translation of the tibia
What actions occur at the tibiofemoral joint?
Hinge joint allows flexion/extension and IR/ER
What is the Unhappy Triad?
ACL, MCL, Medial Meniscus
Where does the lateral (Fibular) collateral ligament attach? Action?
Lateral femoral epicondyle to the head of the fibula
DOES NOT ATTACH TO THE LATERAL MENISCUS
Provides lateral stability to the knee
Where does the Lateral Meniscus attach?
Attaches anterior and posterior tibial intercondylar areas
What artery feeds the ACL, PCL, and menisci?
Middle Genicular
What forms the Patellofemoral Joint? What motions occur at this joint?
The Femoral Condyles and the facets of the patella (condylopatellar)
Superior/Inferior Gliding
Medial/Lateral Tilting
What does the Medial Patellar Retinaculum comprise of? Attachments? Purpose?
Expansion from the vastus medialis tendon to patella
1. Medial Patellofemoral ligament attaches the Vastus Medialis Oblique tendon transversely to the patella
2. Medial Patellotibial ligament attaches the patella longitudinally to the medial tibia
Provide stability to the anteromedial knee
Runs along the posterior capsule from the Medial tibial condyle to the upper posterior fibular aspect of the capsule
provides posterior stability to the knee
*OPL is a fibrous extension of semimembranosus tendon*
Where does the Arcuate Popliteal Ligament attach? Action?
Medial band: fibular head medially to join with oblique popliteal ligament
Lateral band: fibular head to posterior capsule at lateral femoral epicondyle
provides posterior stability to the knee
What branches off the popliteal artery?
Superior Lateral Genicular A, Superior Medial Genicular A, Inferior Lateral Genicular A, Inferior Medial Genicular A, Middle Genicular
Describe the primary structures on the proximal tibia
medial and lateral condyles
anterior and posterior intercondylar areas (fossas)
2 intercondylar eminences (medial and lateral)
2 intercondylar tubercles on superior aspect of eminences
What does the Lateral Patellar Retinaculum comprise of? Where do they attach? Purpose?
Expansion from the Vastus Lateralis tendon & IT band
1. Lateral Patellofemoral ligament attaches transversely from the patella to the IT band
2. Lateral Patellotibial ligament attaches longitudinally from the patella to lateral tibia
Provide anteriolateral stability
What connects the PCL at the medial femoral condyle to the lateral meniscus?
Posterior Meniscofemoral Ligament
What does the Oblique Meniscomeniscal Ligament connect?
Connects the anterior horn of the medial meniscus and posterior horn of lateral meniscus
How do you get to the Inferior Lateral Genicular Artery? Begin at the Abdominal Aorta
Abdominal Aorta to the Common Iliac to the External Iliac to the Femoral A to the Popliteal A to the Inferior Lateral Genicular
What kind of bone is the patella?
Sesamoid (free floating)
What attaches from the posterior horn of the Medial Meniscus to the intercondylar fossa of the lateral femoral condyle? Function?
ACL
Limits anterior translation of the tibia
What secures the medial and lateral menisci to the tibial condyles?
Coronary Ligaments
What connects the anterior horns of the medial and lateral menisci?
Transverse Meniscal Ligament
When does the Femoral Artery turn into the Popliteal Artery?
After the Adductor Hiatus