Portion of the cycle when the foot is in contact with the ground (60% of the cycle)
What is the stance phase?
100
muscle has peak activity just after heel strike and is responsible for eccentric lowering of the foot into plantar flexion.
What is the Tibialis anterior m?
100
0-30 degrees flexion
What is the normal ROM needed during gait for hip flexion?
100
Base of Support, Normal is 2-4 inches (hint: distance decreases as cadence increases)
What is the distance measured between the left and right foot during progression of gait and what is the normal measurement?
100
Antalgic
What is a gait pattern where the involved step length is decreased in order to aviod weight bearing on the involved side usually secondary to pain?
200
The portion of the cycle when the limb is off the ground and moving forward (or backward) to take a step (40% of the cycle).
What is the swing phase?
200
This muscle group has peak activity during late stance phase and is responsible for concentric raising of the heel during toe off
What is the Gastroc-soleus group ?
200
0-10 degrees extension
What is the normal ROM for hip extension needed for normal gait?
200
Cadence, Average is 110-120 steps per minute
What is the number of steps and individual will walk over a period of time and what is the average value for an adult?
200
Ataxic gait sometimes associated with Cerebellar Disease
What is the gait pattern that is characterized by staggering and unsteadiness with a wide base of support and exaggerated movements?
300
Initial swing, midswing and terminal swing.
What 3 components comprise the swing phase?
300
muscle has two peak periods of activity in periods of single support during early stance phase and just before toe off to initiate swing phase?
What is the Quadriceps group
300
flexion- 0-60 degrees, extension- 0 degrees
What is the normal ROM needed for knee flexion and knee extension?
300
7 degrees and 8 degrees (4 degrees forward with the swing leg and 4 degrees backward with the stance leg)
What is the average degree of toe- out for a normal adult? and the normal pelvic rotation for an adult to maintain balance and regulate speed?
300
Circumduction, compensates for insufficient hip or knee flexion or dorsiflexion
What is a gait pattern characterized by a circular motion to advance the leg during swing phase and what does it compensate for?
400
Average length is 13-16 inches, Measured between right heel strike and left heel strike.
What is the average step length and how is it measured?
400
This muscle has the peak activity during late stance phase and is responsible for decelerating the unsupported limb
What is the Hamstring group ?
400
0-10 degrees
What is the ROM of ankle dorsiflexion?
400
This happens 2 times during a cycle where both feet are on the ground (increases as speed of gait increases) .Does not exist with running
This occurs when only one foot is on the ground, occurs twice during a single gait cycle
What is Double support phase and single support phase? How many times do they occur in the cycle?
400
Spastic gait with toe walking
What is the name of the gait pattern with stiff movements, toes seeming to catch and drag, legs held together, hip and knee joints slightly flexed. Commonly seen in cerebral palsy
These 3 muscle groups demonstrate peak activity throughout midstance to oppose antigravity forces and stabilize the limb. This muscle group stabilizes the pelvis during unilateral stance.
What are the Hip extensors (control forward flexion of the trunk), knee extensors (stabilization of the limb) and platarflexors (propel the body forward). What are the hip abductors which stabilize the pelvis during unilateral stance?
500
0-20 degrees
What is the normal ROM of ankle plantarflexion need for normal gait?
500
Gait cycle and it is measured by stride length. Average is 26-32 inches.
What is the sequence of motions that occur from one initial contact of the heel to the next consecutive contact of the same heel and how do you measure it?
500
The swing leg advances by compensating through the combination of elevation of the pelvis and plantar flexion of the stance leg. Leg length discrepency or weakness of the stepping leg.